people

Archibald gerrod

Early 1900s; Discovered link between missing enzymes and inherited metabolism disorders

Frederick Griffith

1928; type R and S bacteria injected in mice

Avery, MacLeod, McCarty

1940s; found that if they killed the proteins in type S, it stilled changed type R. If they killed the DNA, type R remained harmless

Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase

1950; found that viruses transmitted DNA, not protein, by labelling the DNA and protein with radioactive isotopes before they infected bacteria, then separating the empty virus shells and the bacteria in a blender.

Erwin Chargaff

Chargaffs rule

Early 1950s

A equal to T

G equal to C

Maurice Willins and Rosalind Franklin

Early 1950s

X ray diffraction to determine 3-d double helix shape of DNA

Linus Pauling

1953; incorrectly proposed triple helix DNA

James Watson and Francis Crick

April 1953; used chargaffs rule and Franklins x ray diffraction to build a ball and stick model of the double helix DNA

Francis crick

Central dogma

Francois Jacob and Jaques Monod

1961; Discovered operons in e coli

Alfred Russell wallace

Natural selection

Darwin

Natural selection

Carl Linneas

Taxonomy and naming system

Carl woese

Domains; not morphology but evolution

Robert hooke

1660 spun glass looked at cork and called the boxes cells

Antony von Leeuwenhoek

1673 improved lenses examined tartar found animalcules, suggested spontaneaty

Robert brown

Nucleus 1830

Mathias J Schleiden and Theodor Schwann

Cell Theory in 1839:

• cells are the basic units of life

• All life is made of cells

Rudolf virchow

Added to cell Theory in 1855:

• All cells come from preexisting cells