Comptia A+ Core 2 Flashcards (220-1201)

Flashcards I created while taking the Udemy course for version 220-1201 of the Comptia A+ Core 2 exam.

Operating System (OS)

Controls access to the various hardware resources on a computer.

Home Client

Type of operating system. Designed to work with standalone machines or with machines connected in a smaller workgroup network.

Business Clients

Type of operating system. Designed to work on systems that are connected to a centrally managed business domain network.

Network Operating System (NOS)

Type of operating system. Any operating system that is designed to run on servers in a business network.

Smartphone / Tablet

Type of operating system. Designed to work with a handheld mobile device.

End-of-Life (EOL)

What an OS is considered whenever it is no longer supported by the vender.

Windows

Which operating system is developed and published by Microsoft?

Linux

Which operating system is based on Unix, is open-source, and most of its distributions are forked from three major distributions?

Android

Which operating system is Linux-based, designed for smartphones, is open-source, and owned by Google?

ChromeOS

A proprietary operating system developed by Google. Based on an open-source operating system named Chromium.

ChromeOS

Which operating system places all applications and web apps into sandboxes when running them?

ChromeOS

Which operating system is built around a web-centered experience?

macOS

Which operating system is based on Unix, is very stable, and only used on Apple product?

iOS

Which operating system is derived from Unix and is used in smartphone built by Apple?

iPadOS

Which operating system is used for Apple mobile devices and has the ability to multitask?

New Technology File System (NTFS)

Which file system type is only compatible with Windows?

New Technology File System (NTFS)

Which file system type supports file sizes up to 8 PB and has features like journaling, snapshots, and various security features?

Resilient File System (ReFS)

Which file system type has the ability to detect and automatically repair data corruption using checksums and metadata integrity streams?

Resilient File System (ReFS)

Which file system type is designed for server environments and data storage systems, supports volumes ip to 35 PB, does not support EFS, and is developed by Microsoft?

File Allocation Table 32 (FAT32)

Which file system type is supported by almost every operating system, primarily used for external drives and USB flash drives, and only has a 32-bit addressing architecture?

Extensible File Allocation Table (exFAT)

Which file system type has file sizes up to 16 EB, volume size up to 128 PB, typically used in removable media, and lacks security features and journaling that are present in other file systems?

Fourth Extended File System (ext4)

Which file system type is the default file system for modern Linux distributions and is not natively supported by Windows or macOS?

Fourth Extended File System (ext4)

Which file system type is a 64-bit file system with journaling that supports file sizes up to 16 TB with a volume up to 1 EB?

Extended File System (XFS)

Which file system type is a 64-bit file system with journaling and utilizes its journaling feature to maintain data integrity by logging file system changes before they are actually written?

Extended File System (XFS)

Which file system type has dynamic ion allocation, real-time sub volume, file sizes up to 8 EB, and does not natively support data encryption and certain on-disk compression features?

Apple File System (APFS)

Which file system type has features like encryption, snapshots, space sharing, file sizes up to 8 EB, and is not compatible with non-Apple devices without specialized tools?

Apple File System (APFS)

Which file system type is designed for SSDs and is the default file system for Apple devices?

Journaling

File system feature where as data is being written to the disk it is re-read, verified, and logged that the write is happening.

Snapshot

File system feature that allows users to roll back to previous versions of files without having to restore from backup.

Windows Home

Which version of Windows allows multiple user accounts to separate files and data, but is not designed for a business environment?

1 GB

How much memory is required to run 32-bit version of Windows 10?

2 GB

How much memory is required to run 64-bit version of Windows 10?

Windows Home

Which version of Windows supports multi-core processors, but not multiple processors?

128 GB

How much memory can the 64-bit version of Windows Home support?

OEM and Retail Licenses

What are the different way(s) to license Windows Home Edition?

OEM License

Operating system licensing method that is used by the original equipment manufacturer.

Retail License

Operating system license that is purchased from a store and can be installed on one piece of hardware at a time.

Pro can be used in domain environments.

What is the primary difference between Windows Pro and Windows Home?

Remote desktop servers, BitLocker, and WIP

What notable features does Windows Pro have that Windows Home does not?

BitLocker

Full disk encryption schema that utilizes the Trusted Platform Module (TPM) and AES algorithm.

Group Policy Editor

A tool used to create and apply operating system and software application settings across users within a specific group.

Remote Desktop Protocol (RDP)

When using a client from this you can connect to a server that provides remote access to computer’s entire operating system.

Windows Information Protection (WIP)

Tool used to help identify and protect against potential data leakage or data exfiltration by employees and other authorized users.

20 GB

How much storage do you need to install Windows 10 Pro Edition?

4 GB of RAM, 64 GB of storage, and a 2 core processor

What are the hardware requirements for installation of Windows 11 Pro Edition?

OEM, Retail, and Volume License

What are the different way(s) you can license Windows Pro Edition?

2 TB of RAM and 128 cores

What is the maximum amount of memory and the maximum number of cores Windows Pro can handle?

6TB of RAM and 256 cores

What is the maximum amount of memory and the maximum number of cores Windows Pro for Workstations and Windows Enterprise can handle?

Application virtualization, user environment virtualization, DirectAccess, Credential Guard, and Windows to Go

What feature(s) does Windows Enterprise have that Windows Pro and Home lack?

Volume License

What are the different way(s) to license Windows Enterprise Edition?

App-V

Allows the virtualization of application execution environments.

User Environment Virtualization (UEV)

Used to capture, save, and manage Windows 10 OS and application settings on an individual user environment level.

DirectAccess

Used to allow connectivity for remote users back to the organization’s network resources without them having to use a traditional VPN connection.

Credential Guard

Allows virtualization-based security to occur. Access is only given to privileged systems.

Windows to Go

Special feature that allows users to create an image version of their corporate Windows 10 environment and put it onto a USB flash drive.

Windows N

Which version of Windows was created to comply with EU antitrust regulations?

No Media Player

What does the “N” stand for in Windows N?

In-place Upgrade

Upgrade method where the setup program for the new version is going to be launched from within the current OS.

Settings > Updates and Security > Windows Update > Check for Updates

What are the steps to an in-place upgrade?

Full Upgrade

Which upgrade method has you install the Windows 11 installation media into a thumb drive and then launch the setup program from that thumb drive?

Clean Install

Which upgrade method deletes all of your personal settings, files, and folders during the upgrade?

Attended Installation

What type of installation requires that you sit in front of the computer during an installation or upgrade?

Unattended Installation

What type of installation uses answer files and scripts to complete installation questions without needing to manually oversee the installation?

Image Deployment

This is the act of taking an image file of a storage device with a completed OS installation and copying it over to a new system.

Remote Network Installation

Method that involves getting an operating system using a pre-boot environment over the network and deploying that image into the system.

Perform a backup

What is the number one priority before running a clean installation of the system if you want to retain the data?

Hardware, application, and driver support

What are the primary considerations you must make when choosing whether or not to upgrade a system?

Optical Media Boot

Which boot method uses disk readers utilizing a built-in drive?

USB-connected Drive Boot

Which boot method uses optical drives, SSDs, flash drives, external HDDs, or hot-swappable HDDs?

Network Boot Device

What boot method takes advantage of the network adapter to boot up from a remote disk to read for an operating system?

Internet-based Boot

What boot method allows you to boot up a minimalist version of the operating system to then download the setup files?

Internal HDD Partition

What boot method uses a hidden device partition created by the manufacturer?

Partition

These are logically separate areas on a storage device.

Metadata on the disk and the MBR

What does the first 512 bytes in the first sector on a disk contain?

Master Boot Record (MBR)

Which partitioning style is only able to run four primary partitions?

2 TB

What is the largest disk size that the MBR can support?

Active Partition

Which partition will the system look for the operating system at?

GUID Partition Table (GPT)

Which partitioning style can only be used if you boot using UEFI and not BIOS?

128

How many partitions can GPT support?

Full Recovery

Which recovery method will reset a computer to factory settings?

Repair Mode

Which recovery method will replace OS files, but will not touch the user’s settings or data?

Only works if original storage device is present, lose everything on the system, and my not have the most up-to-date OS if the computer is older.

What are the main disadvantages of using a full recovery?

Processing, memory, storage, graphics, and external hardware token

What are the five main application requirements you must think about when deciding whether or not to install an app?

Program File Directory

Where does the 32-bit version of Windows each its downloaded programs?

Program File Directory

Where does the 64-bit version of Windows each its 64-bit programs stored?

Progam Files (x86)

Where does the 64-bit version of Windows each its 32-bit programs stored?

Video RAM (VRAM)

Memory that is dedicated to graphical uses.

High-end graphics and intense applications

What is a dedicated graphics card used for?

Basic graphical tasks

What is integrated graphics used for?

External Hardware Token

A digital key that unlocks an application and is required for its use.

USB or Smart Card

What are the two different ways to have an external hardware token?

Easy installation and lack of malware

What is the primary benefit of app stores for users?

Higher chance for a user to see application

What is the primary benefit of an app store for a developer?

App stores typically take 15 to 30% of the profits

What is the primary disadvantage of app stores for developers?

Physical Media

Which distribution method utilizes a physical medium that can be inserted into a computer and read?

Time associated with acquisition and out-of-date software

What are the downsides to using physical media for software distribution?

ISO File

Which distribution method is a digital file format that is used to replicate a physical CD, DVD, or Blu-ray disc?

Open Source License

Which license allows users to install it on any computer for any purpose and duration?

Single-user License

Which license allows a single user to install a single copy of software on a system? Sometimes allows multiple installations for a single user.

Family License

Which license method typically cost more, but is able to be used by multiple users in a home environment?