Stuarts & The English Civil War Flashcards

Flashcards about the Stuarts and the English Civil War.

What happened in 1603?

Elizabeth I dies, James VI of Scotland becomes James I of England

What was the Gunpowder Plot?

Catholic plan to blow up Parliament and King James.

What happened in 1625?

James I dies, Charles becomes King Charles I.

What was the Personal Rule of Charles I?

Charles I closes down Parliament for 11 years.

What happened in 1642?

The English Civil War starts.

What happened in 1649?

Execution of Charles I.

What happened in 1653?

Oliver Cromwell is made Lord Protector of England.

What was the Restoration of the Monarchy (1660)?

Charles II becomes King.

What happened in 1665?

The Great Plague of London occurred.

What is the Divine Right of Kings?

Belief that Kings power came from God.

What is treason?

Crime of acting to overthrow the government or harm/kill the monarch.

What is a Monarch?

Sovereign head of state – usually a King or Queen

What is Parliament?

Body of chosen representatives that run Great Britain

What is Regicide?

The act of killing a monarch

Define Divine Right of Kings.

Belief that Kings power came from God and therefore nobody could defy them

What is Ship Money?

An emergency tax on England, taken advantage of by Charles I

What significant event involving Charles I and Parliament happened in 1642?

In 1642, Charles I tried to arrest some MP's but failed.

What action did Parliament take in 1626 regarding taxes for Charles I?

Parliament refused to raise taxes for the king.

Whom did Charles I marry in 1625?

Charles married a French Catholic princess, called Henrietta Maria.

What was 'Ship Money' introduced by Charles I in 1634?

Charles made a new tax called Ship Money to help pay for his expensive lifestyle.

What was the outcome of Charles I's war against Scotland in 1640?

Charles fought a war against Scotland and lost. He had to pay the Scots to leave England.

What was a consequence of Charles I's religious changes?

Charles made changes in religion - when some people complained he cut off their ears.

Describe the battle that happened in 1625, in which England was badly beaten by Spain

England were badly beaten by Spain in a battle that cost a lot of money.

What was the long-term consequence of what Charles I did in 1629?

Charles dissolved Parliament and ruled without them for 11 years.

Why did the Irish rebel against Charles I in 1640?

The Irish rebelled against Charles because they didn’t like Charles’ religious changes.

What did Charles I have to do in 1641 regarding Parliament?

Charles had to go to parliament to ask for more money to fight the Irish and Scots.

What was the significance of the Battle of Edgehill?

Battle in Warwickshire where the King's army clashed with Parliamentarians, resulting in a bloody draw but giving the Royalists control of the road to London.

What was the key outcome of the Battle of Marston Moor, fought on July 2nd, 1644?

Believed to be the largest battle ever fought on English soil, resulting in the destruction of the Royalist northern army.

What made the Battle of Naseby, fought on June 14th, 1645, the decisive battle of the English Civil War?

Parliament's New Model Army destroyed King Charles I's main field army, marking the decisive battle of the Civil War.