305 final knowledge checks

what is a metabolic skeletal disorder where bone mass is reduced, causing bone to become weakened, fragile, and susceptible to fracture. The most common area for this disorder is the

osteoporosis ; hips

You are working with Fred who has just undergone an anterior THR. During your first session, it will be important to educate him on anterior total hip precautions, which include:

no extreme hip extension, hip abduction or external rotation

Lucy had a biking accident, resulting in the doctors having to restore the broken bone into its original place. This is known as what?

Reduction

Marc recently had a total knee replacement. He did not follow his precautions post-surgery and now has to have another replacement. What did he most likely not follow?

Do not twist or pivot

You are working with Bill, who has recently been diagnosed with Stage IV lung cancer. He is currently experiencing fatigue, weakness, and limited endurance and ROM. These symptoms indicate what?

the cancer has spread to distant parts of the body, and metastasis has occurred.

True or False: Hematologic or Blood Cancers include Leukemia, Lymphoma, and Multiple Myeloma.

true

what does in situ mean in terms of cancer?

cells remain superficial

what does localized mean in terms of cancer?

limited to where the organ originated with no evidence of spreading

what does regional mean in terms of cancer?

spread to nearby organs or lymph nodes

what does distant mean in terms of cancer?

spread to distant organs or lymph nodes

Padme is presenting with weakness, fatigue, low self-esteem due to body image issues, limited range of motion in her UE, cognitive insufficiencies and previously had a brachial plexus injury. What type of cancer does Padme most likely have?

Breast Cancer

Ryer sent Skye on an air rescue mission to save a cat stuck on top of a skyscraper. On her way to the cat, she hit a tree, causing her head to go forward and then back while her brain rotated inside of her skull, causing a stretch on the long axons. She lost consciousness, and when she woke up, she was told she had what type of brain injury?

diffuse axonal

Luke was in an epic battle with The Empire, resulting in him hitting his head on a rock. An ambulance was called, and the paramedics placed Luke in a coma. Because they are amazing and smart, they knew to use the Glasgow Coma Scale to assess his orientation and response to stimuli. When they called his name, he did not respond. When they pricked his skin, he withdrew his arm and moaned. Luke's score indicates...

Severe TBI

You have been working with Rubble, who sustained an open head injury, for approximately 2 weeks now at an inpatient rehabilitation facility. Rubble is progressing through the Ranchos Levels and is beginning to demonstrate increased restlessness during your sessions. He frequently uses inappropriate language and tells you to "Leave him alone". The nursing staff on the brain injury unit also report that Rubble has been more confused and has made several attempts to try and leave the brain injury unit. Based on this, what Ranchos level of cognitive functioning is Rubble currently in?

Ranchos Level IV: Confused/agitated

You are working with Boba, a 34-year-old male, who is presenting after complaints of elbow pain. He also presents with erythema, edema, and synovitis at the elbow. Most likely, what is his diagnosis?

Rheumatoid Arthritis

Anakin is your new 48-year-old patient, who is eager to learn how to continue to work on his beloved Mustang GTE, given his new ankylosis from his RA diagnosis. Ankylosis is when there is:

Abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones

What is systemtic lupus erythematosus?

Autoimmune condition that produces swelling and structural changes in multiple organs and organ systems

what is rheumatoid arthritis?

progressive, chronic, systemic inflammatory autoimmune disease characterized by joint swelling and pain

what is osteoarthritis?

degenerative joint disease

what is osteomyelitis?

bacterial infection in the bone that leads to bone destruction

what is Ankylosing Spondylitis?

progressive and characterized primarily in the spinal and pelvic regions with pain starting in the lumbar region and radiating to butt

True or False: In most Rheumatologic Conditions, joint pain is symmetrical. For example- if the right wrist is tender, then the left wrist will be tender as well.

true

Sonic was just diagnosed with a CVA that was caused by a traveling thrombosis from either his lungs or his leg. What type of CVA is he experiencing?

Embolic

Mr. Chase had a left hemorrhagic CVA. What symptoms might you expect to see?

Aphasia, right sided hemiparesis, slow/cautious behavior, trouble with memory

true or false If the corticospinal tracts cross above the Medulla Oblongata- the stroke will be unilateral.

False

True or False: Neuroplasticity uses the adaptive capacity of ANS by completing 20 minutes of brain stimulation, which wakes up and activates neurons, and when repeating this over and over, it creates neural pathways and strengthens them over time. This helps the brain learn new behaviors that were lost by damage to the brain.

false

In individuals with Parkinson's disease, there are lower levels of ____________ in the brain, as a result of degenerative changes in the ____________. These changes cause what type of monitor symptoms?

Correct Answer Dopamine; substantia nigra; Bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, postural disturbance, tremor

Hans is a 4-year-old boy who is experiencing progressive muscle weakness, difficulty standing up using the Gower's Sign, and stands with a significant lordotic posture. The doctor recommended the child get a Creatine Kinase test, which tested positive. Then, the child had a muscle biopsy, which confirmed this type (the most common form), which will usually require a wheelchair by adolescence.

Myotonic muscular dystrophy

what is bells palsy?

sudden partial or complete paralysis to one side

what is Myasthenia Gravis?

an autoimmune muscular condition where there are interruptions of nerve impulses to the muscles

What is Alzheimer's disease?

mild-moderate or even severe in regards to memory loss

what is Parkinson's Disease?

typically is given levodopa based on whether the client is in a reemission or exacerbation

what is Huntington's Disease?

slow, progressive, highly genetic condition, of the CNS, where the basil ganglia degenerates over time

Permanent enlargement of the alveolar walls results in this condition is ______________________ but chronic cough with sputum and enlargement of mucus glands results in this _________condition .

emphysema; chronic bronchitis

what is forced vital capacity?

inspire and expire

what is residual lung volume?

how much air is left

what is tidal volume?

Amount of air in/out at rest

what is functional residual capacity?

How much air is left in lungs after normal expiration

You are working with Mr. Marshall who sustained a T9 AIS A SCI. Based on his type of injury, you would expect to see the following:

Fair trunk control, good upper extremity strength/function, no lower extremity movement

If you suspect someone with an SCI is experiencing autonomic dysreflexia, what should your first course of action be _______________. Potential triggers for autonomic dysreflexia include ______________.

Have the person sit up, and try to find the source of irritation; B&B issues and/or Pressure sores or other skin integrity issues

what does a C4 indicate?

Drive power w/c with sip and puff or chin control

what does a C5 indicate?

Universal cuffs are typically introduced and can now drive highly adapted van with lift

what does a C6 indicate?

Can now drive with hand controls and possible use of a tenodesis splint

what does a C7 indicate?

Can NOT do a depression transfer but has full strength of shoulders and arms

what does a C8 indicate?

independent in all aspects of self-care bc of finger and thumb movements

what does a C3 indicate?

requires total assistance for bladder, mobility, and ADLs

Kylo is a 43-year-old male with Diabetes Mellitus and Peripheral Neuropathy. He didn't have you as his OT, so no one ever trained him on how to do a proper foot examination. He now presents s/p left foot amputation, resulting from an infection in his foot. You are educating and demonstrating on the use of ace wrapping of the residual limb. You tell him ace wrapping is designed to help with all of the following EXCEPT:

helping the incision to heal faster

what is hyperglycemia?

too much blood glucose ins blood plasma

what is retinopathy?

damage to retina

what is nephropathy?

kidney disease

what is peripheral neuropathy?

damage to nerves outside the brain and spinal cord

Iggy presents with this rare but serious disorder where the adrenal glands don't produce enough cortisol. What is this diagnosis?

Addison's Disease