ERIC Work, energy and power

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8 Terms

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Work done

  • The product of force and distance in the direction of the force, or the energy transferred

  • W = Fx = Fxcosθ

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Energy

The capacity for doing work

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(5) forms of energy:

  • Kinetic energy: the energy due to the movement of an object

  • Gravitational potential energy: the energy due to the vertical position of an object

  • Chemical energy: energy contained within the chemical bonds between atoms

  • Elastic potential energy: energy stores in an object due to a reversible change in shape

  • Electrical potential energy: energy of electrical charges due to their position in an electric field

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Principle of conservation of energy

The total energy of a closed system remains constant; OR energy can never be created or destroyed, only transferred from one form to another

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Kinetic energy formula

Ek = mv²/2

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Gravitational potential energy

Ep = mgh

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Power

  • The rate of work done

  • P = W/t = Fv

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Efficiency

  • The ratio of the useful output energy to the total input energy

  • Efficiency = (useful output energy)/(total input energy) * 100%