UNIT 2 SOUTH AFRICAN APARTHEID

Baaskaap

complete control + domination

Guerrilla warfare

warfare tactic of small independent forces + untrained soldiers conducting surprise attacks with intention of sabotage

Sophiatown

Suburb of Johannesburg - poor multi-racial area

Liliesleaf farm

safe house for African National Congress activists during apartheid

Robben Island

island Nelson Mandela was imprisoned on

PUTCO

bus company that raised fares (4 to 5 cents) leading to bus boycotts

Walter Sisulu

leading member of ANC youth league + leader of MK after Mandela is imprisoned

Albert Luthili

anti-apartheid activist - played key role in leading defiance campaign

Robert Sobukwe

leader of PAC

Joe Slovo, Ruth First

leading South African Communist Party (SACP) members

MK

paramilitary wing of ANC

African National Congress (ANC)

primary anti-apartheid group

Pan African Congress (PAC)

anti-apartheid activist group focused on returning to black wealth - split from ANC

South African Indian Congress (SAIC)

collaboration of Indian political organizations composed to advocate for Indians - later advocated for all non-whites

South African Communist Party (SACP)

anti-apartheid group focused resistance + communism

Congress of the People (COP)

alliance between multi-racial anti-apartheid groups

Poqo

PAC armed resistance movement

Bantu, Xhosa, Zulu

south african tribes

Union of South Africa

union between dutch and british

1913 Native Lands Act

forced native africans into reserves (pre-NP)

1948 Election

election of National Party

Population Registration Act

required classification of citizens based on race (petty apartheid)

Group Areas Act 1950

forced Africans into designated reserves

Separate Amenities Act

extension of segregation - separates all public amenities for races

Pass Laws Act

required extensive documentation

Bantu Authorities and Self Gov Acts

grand apartheid legislation creating self-governing states - stripping blacks of citizenship of south africa proper

Defiance Campaign

campaign of non-violent resistance to protest apartheid

Freedom Charter

document created by congress of people outlining creation of new government and equal legislation

Treason Trial

arrest of key resistance leaders on basis of treason

Alexandria Bus Boycotts

people-organized bus boycotts (post treason trial) due to raise in bus fares

Sharpeville Massacre

massacre of PAC protestors outside sharpeville police station

Rivonia Trial

trial of MK leaders for violation of sabotage act of 1962