Laboratory Diagnosis of Enteroviruses and Rabies

Vocabulary and key concepts from the lecture on laboratory diagnosis and surveillance of enteroviruses and rabies.

Picornaviridae

The family of naked viruses with icosahedral symmetry and a single-stranded RNA genome containing positive sense, including types $1$, $2$, and $3$ of polioviruses.

Enteroviruses

A group of viruses classified by pathogenicity (polioviruses, Coxsackie A and B, echoviruses) and transmission via the digestive route.

RT-PCR

The reference method used for the identification of conserved genomic sequences and genotyping in the direct diagnosis of enteroviruses.

VP1 capsid protein gene

The specific gene sequence used for the genotyping of enteroviruses during laboratory diagnosis.

Cytopathic effect

A cellular change seen in enterovirus cultures characterized by a large eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion that pushes and flattens the nucleus at the edge of the cell.

Rhabdoviridae

The family to which the rabies virus belongs, characterized by an enveloped, tubular, and bullet- or shell-shaped structure.

Lyssavirus

The genus of the rabies virus, which possesses a single-stranded RNA genome with negative polarity.

Babes-Negri bodies

Intracytoplasmic inclusions identified through immunocytodiagnosis (immunofluorescence or immunoperoxidase) in the diagnosis of rabies.

Ammon's horn cells

The specific location in a source animal's brain where Babes-Negri bodies are detected for laboratory diagnosis.

Neutralization reactions

The process used for the typing of poliovirus and differentiation between wild-type and vaccine strains using monoclonal antibodies.