MEDS2049 Differential Diagnosis in Western Medicine 2023 - Respiratory System

Vocabulary flashcards based on the lecture notes for MEDS2049 Differential Diagnosis in Western Medicine 2023, focusing on the respiratory system.

Respiratory System

A system consisting of anatomical structures responsible for gas exchange, including the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs.

Gas exchange

The biological process in which oxygen (O2) is absorbed into the blood and carbon dioxide (CO2) is expelled from the bloodstream in the lungs.

Nasal Cavity

The space behind the nose that warms and humidifies air, while also trapping loose particles as part of the immune response.

Pharynx

The muscular tube that connects the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx and esophagus; it protects the trachea from food entering.

Larynx

The voice box that conducts air to the trachea and produces sound.

Trachea

The windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi, facilitating the movement of air to and from the lungs.

Bronchi

The major air passages that branch from the trachea and lead into the lungs, allowing air to flow to the lobes.

Lungs

Organs that facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide during respiration.

Pleura

A double-layered membrane surrounding the lungs that produces pleural fluid to reduce friction during breathing.

Signs of Respiratory Dysfunction

Indicators of a problem in the respiratory system, including abnormal breathing patterns, sounds, and oxygen saturation.

Dyspnoea

A condition of difficult or labored breathing, often experienced by patients during physical activity.

Productive cough

A cough that produces phlegm or mucus, indicating the presence of respiratory issues.

Incontinence

The inability to control urination, which can indicate underlying health issues.

Vital Signs

Measurements like heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and temperature that indicate the physiological status of a patient.

Past Medical History

A record of a patient's previous health issues, conditions, and treatments that may affect their current health status.

Case Study

An in-depth examination of a patient’s medical history, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment plan.