Sedimentary Rock Quiz GEOL 110L

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39 Terms

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Clastic

Either quartz (if scratches glass) or fragments of older rocks

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Clastic size categories

Gravel, sand, silt, clay

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Clastic shape categories

Rounded, sub-rounded, sub-angular, angular

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As you move from the top of a mountain to the deep sea, clast sizes __________, shape becomes more _________, and maturity _________.

DECREASE, ROUNDED, INCREASES

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Clastic rocks in order from the top of a mountain to the deep sea

Breccia, conglomerate, arkose sandstone, quartz sandstone, silt sandstone, shale

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Chemical and Bio-

Precipitated materials or organically derived clasts

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Chemical and bio- rocks are identified by ________ and __________.

TEXTURE, COMPOSITION

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<p>Breccia</p>

Breccia

  • Gravel

  • Angular grains

  • Dark brown w/ tan clasts

  • Debris fan/talus slope

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<p>Conglomerate</p>

Conglomerate

  • Gravel

  • Rounded grains

  • Poorly sorted rocks

  • River channel

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<p>Arkose</p>

Arkose

  • Sand

  • Sub-rounded grains

  • Poorly sorted feldspar (red-rbwon

  • River channel

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<p>Quartz sandstone</p>

Quartz sandstone

  • Sand

  • Roudned grains

  • Well-sorted

  • Beach

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<p>Siltstone</p>

Siltstone

  • Silt

  • Fine grains

  • Gritty feel, blocky

  • Deep marine

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<p>Shale</p>

Shale

  • Clay

  • Clay materials, very fine

  • Splits into layers, smooth

  • Deep marine

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Chemical rocks

Rock gypsum, micrite, dolostone, oolitic limestone, chert

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<p>Rock gypsum</p>

Rock gypsum

  • In clastic system

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<p>Micrite</p>

Micrite

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<p>Dolostone</p>

Dolostone

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<p>Oolitic limestone</p>

Oolitic limestone

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<p>Chert</p>

Chert

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Biochemical rocks

Chalk, coquina, fossiliferous limestone, bituminous coal

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<p>Chalk</p>

Chalk

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<p>Coquina</p>

Coquina

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<p>Fossiliferous limestone</p>

Fossiliferous limestone

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<p>Bituminous coal</p>

Bituminous coal

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<p>Debris fan/talus slope (top of mountain)</p>

Debris fan/talus slope (top of mountain)

Breccia

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<p>River channel (bottom of mountain)</p>

River channel (bottom of mountain)

Conglomerate

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<p>River channel (mid-land)</p>

River channel (mid-land)

Arkose

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<p>Swamp</p>

Swamp

Bituminous coal

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<p>Beach</p>

Beach

Quartz sandstone

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<p>Evaporitic (light-colored lake)</p>

Evaporitic (light-colored lake)

Rock gypsum

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<p>Deep marine (2)</p>

Deep marine (2)

Siltstone, shale

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<p>Secondary alteration (below)</p>

Secondary alteration (below)

Chert

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<p>Beach</p>

Beach

Coquina

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<p>Lagoon</p>

Lagoon

Fossiliferous limestone

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<p>Intertidal</p>

Intertidal

Oolitic limestone

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<p>Secondary alteration of limestones (below)</p>

Secondary alteration of limestones (below)

Dolostone

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<p>Deep shelf (2)</p>

Deep shelf (2)

Chalk, micrite

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All rocks in the _________ system have an acid reaction.

CARBONATE

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All _______ rocks smell like organic materials

BIO-