Networking Concepts - 1.1.1

What is a network?

A network is two or more computer systems linked by a transmission medium and sharing protocols that enable data exchange.

In networking, what are nodes and links?

Nodes are devices that send, receive, and forward data, while links are the communication pathways between them.

What are the two general kinds of nodes?

Intermediate nodes (which forward data) and end systems (which send and receive data)

What is another name for end systems?

Hosts or Clients

What is the role of a server in a network?

A server in a network is a specialized type of host that provides resources, services, or data to other computers, known as clients, within the network.

How does a client-server network operate?

Clients request services and resources from the server, which processes the requests and provides the appropriate data or services back to the clients.

How does a peer-to-peer network operate?

Each computer, or peer, has equal capabilities and can act as both a client and a server, directly sharing resources and services with one another without a central server.

What is another term for a small peer-to-peer network?

Workgroup

Which type of network is more common in business and enterprises?

Client-server network

Which type of network is more common in residential settings?

Peer-to-peer networks

In a client-server model, can a host act as both a client and a server?

Yes, a host can function as both, allowing it to request services from other servers while providing services to clients.

What defines a network as client-server?

This network is defined by a centralized server that provides resources and services to multiple clients, which actively request these services.

What is a network appliance?

A specialized hardware device designed to manage network functions, such as routing, firewall protection, or network monitoring.

How does a network appliance differ from a general-purpose computer?

It has an OS and software tailored for specific network roles rather than general computing tasks. Additionally, it is optimized for performance, security, and reliability in network management.

What are examples of network appliances?

Routers, firewalls, switches, wireless access points, load balancers, proxies, and intrusion detection systems.

What is the difference between a physical and virtual appliance?

A physical appliance is a tangible, dedicated hardware device, while a virtual appliance is a software-based solution that runs on a virtualized environment, simulating the functionality of a physical appliance.

What are network applications?

Software solutions that perform network-related tasks, enabling communication and data exchange over networks.

What are network functions?

Processes that manage network operations, such as routing, switching, security, and traffic management.

What does a VPN (Virtual Private Network) allow?

Devices to securely join a local network from across the Internet

What does Quality of Service (QoS) enable?

Optimization of a network for time-sensitive applications, such as voice or video