History of Racism & Risk for Poverty

A series of vocabulary flashcards that cover key concepts related to the history of racism and its connection to poverty, helping to prepare for an exam.

Race

A concept created by people, not a biological fact, associated with physical characteristics of a group.

Ethnicity

Describes a group based on shared culture, ancestry, and history.

Panethnicity

Cooperation and identity building across different ethnic or tribal groups in a multiethnic society.

Racism

A complex social system that assigns value and determines opportunity based on appearance and skin color.

Racial Discrimination

Unequal treatment of individuals based on ideologies of racial superiority.

Racial Inequality

The outcomes of racism resulting in unequal distributions of resources and opportunities.

Caste

An artificial construction ranking human value, establishing presumed superiority and inferiority among groups.

Divine Will

A method used to justify the existence of a caste system based on perceived higher powers.

Endogamy

The practice of marrying within a specific group to maintain social boundaries.

Occupational Hierarchy

A system where certain jobs and roles are ranked higher than others based on caste.

Dehumanization

The process of denying the humanity of individuals, often used to justify discrimination.

Stigma

A mark of disgrace associated with a particular circumstance, quality, or person.

Terror

Acts of violence and intimidation used to maintain control over groups in a caste system.

Wealth Comparison

Analyzing disparities in wealth across different racial and ethnic groups.

Median Wealth

The middle value of wealth distribution that separates the wealthier half from the poorer half.

Civil Rights Movement

A movement aimed at ending racial discrimination against African Americans.

Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

A law prohibiting Chinese laborers from immigrating to the United States.

Bracero Program

A program allowing Mexican laborers to work in the U.S. during labor shortages.

Antisemitism

Prejudice against Jewish people, manifesting in discrimination and violence.

Redlining

A discriminatory practice in housing that restricts access based on race.

Reservations

Designated areas where Indigenous people were forced to live, often with limited resources.

Assimilation Practices

Policies aimed at integrating minority groups into the dominant culture.

Two or More Races

Individuals identifying as belonging to more than one racial category.

Poverty Population Ratio

A metric comparing the number of individuals in poverty to the total population.

Wealth Disparity

The unequal distribution of wealth among different racial or ethnic groups.