5.3 CHEMISTRY QUIZ

November 30, 2022

What is atomic radius?

Distance between the nucleus and the edge of an atom

What are the trends for atomic radius?

Atomic radius decreases across a period and increases down a group

What is ionization energy?

Energy required to remove an electron from a neutral atom

What are the trends for ionization energy?

Ionization energy increases across a period and decreases down a group

Which of the elements Li, Rb, K, and Na has the smallest atomic radius, and which has the largest?

Li and Rb

Which of the elements O, Se, S, and Po has the smallest atomic radius, and which has the largest?

O and Po

Of the elements Mg, Cl, Na, and P, which has the largest atomic radius? Explain your answer in terms of the trends on the periodic table.

Sodium has the largest atomic radius, because atomic radius decreases across a period.

Of each of these which has the highest first ionization energy? Ca or Ba?

Ca

Of each of these which has the highest first ionization energy? Ca or Br?

Br

Of each of these which has the highest first ionization energy? Ca or K?

Ca

Of each of these which has the highest first ionization energy? Ca or Mg?

Mg

What is a cation?

Positive Ion

How are cations formed?

Losing electrons

How does a cation’s atomic radius compare to a neutral atom’s?

Smaller atomic radius

What is an anion?

Negative Ion

How are anions formed?

Gaining electrons

What are valence electrons?

Electrons available to be lost, gained, or shared in the formation of chemical compounds

How many valence electrons do groups 1 and 2 have?

Group 1 has one valence electron
Group 2 has two valence electrons

How do you find the number of valence electrons for groups 13-18?

Group number minus 10

What is electronegativity?

Measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in a compound

What is the electronegativity trend across a period?

Tends to increase across a period

What is the electronegativity trend down a group?

Tends to decrease or remain the same down a group

Of the elements Ga, Br, and Ca which has the highest electronegativity? Explain your answer in terms of periodic trends.

Br, electronegativity increases across a period