Chapter 9 - Section 2 - Feudalism

Where are the vikings (norsemen) from?

Denmark, normal (Scandinavia), and Sweden

Which vikings were the most feared?

the vikings from Scandinavia

Invasions of whom will create problems in Western Europe?

Magyars and Muslims - they caused most of Europe to live in constant fear

What is feudalism?

a system of governing and landowning. This is based on a series of mutual obligations. a lord would grant land called a fief for military protection. A person receiving the fief was called a vassal (lesser lord)

Under the Kings and vassal, the ________pledged their loyalty to fight for the vassal in exchange for a fief.

knights

What were most peasants called in feudalism?

Serfs - people who could not leave the place where they were born

What is the farming community called (where the lord's estate is)?

the manor

What are 4 inventions during the Age of Feudalism that made life easier for the workers?

1 - Heavy wheeled plow with iron blade - turned the soil easier

2 - Horse collar - enabled a horse to pull a plow

3 - Windmills - cutting grains, pumping water, cutting wood

4 - Three-field farming system - one third of a peasant farmer's field was unused during the year. This rotation helped keep the soil fertile

What is the code of chivalry?

a code that demanded that a knight fight bravely in defense of 3 masters and were brave, loyal and courteous. Feudal lord, heavenly lord and chosen lady

What was a popular event during the age of feudalism?

Jousting - armored knights on horseback gallop towards each other to knock one to the ground

What are norsemen also known as?

norsemen

What were viking boats called?

longboats

What were berserkers?

viking warriors that believed in a life of action and valued deeds that called for strength and courage

Who was Leif Erickson?

Leif Erickson led a group of vikings who sailed to North America around 1000

What was feudalism?

a form of government that would protect people in return for services

Who were vassals?

lesser lords/noble who received land

what were serfs during the Middle Ages?

peasants that had special obligations and were tied to the land

What was the code of Chivalry?

a complex set of ideals a knight must follow

What was a popular event knights competed in during the Middle Ages?

jousting

What was a guild?

people that banded together to control the number of goods being taxed and to keep prices up