AP Bio

plasma(cell) membrane- STRUCURE- Made of ____________ bi-layer; embedded with ________ inside the cell wall in plant cells

phospholipid; proteins

Plasma (Cell) Membrane — Function: Maintains cell ________; ________ of material within cell.

shape; movement

Ribosome — Structure: Small round ________; can be ________ or free floating.

sacs: attached

Ribosome — Function: Site of protein ________.

synthesis

Cytoplasm — Structure: Jelly-like substance between ________ and cell membrane.

nucleus

Cytoplasm — Function: ________ all the organelles.

maintains

Smooth ER — Structure: Interconnected membranes form tubes; NO ________ attached.

ribosome

Smooth ER — Function: Produces ________, regulates calcium; destroys ________ (drugs) in the liver.

lipids; toxins

Rough ER — Structure: Membrane is ________ with ribosomes; interconnected membrane; in-folded and convoluted ________.

covered; tubes

Rough ER — Function: Makes secretory proteins for export; ________ materials.

transports

Mitochondria — Structure: Double membrane: rod-shaped; contains its own ________; folds called ________ & ___________

DNA; cristae; matrix

Mitochondria — Function: Site of ________ respiration; converts energy stored to ________; more ________ in cells that have more.

cellular; ATP; active

Nucleus — Structure: Contains a ________; inner & outer membrane.

nucleolus

Nucleus — Function: Controls cell activities; storage site of ________ & genetic info.

DNA

Nuclear Membrane — Structure: Double membrane ________ nucleus; contains nuclear ________; connected to rough ER.

surround; pores

Nuclear Membrane — Function: Controls what ________ the nucleus.

enters/leaves

Nucleolus — Structure: ________-dark structures inside nucleus; cells may have ________.

round; 1 or more

Nucleolus — Function: Packages ________ subunits.

ribosomes

Vacuole — Structure: Single ________-filled sac; very ________ in plant cells; inner & outer membrane.

large; fluid

Vacuole — Function: Filled with ________ that is leaving the cell.

water/waste/toxins

Golgi Apparatus — Structure: Flattened, layered, sac-like structure; contains ________ and ________ sides.

cis-face; trans-face

Golgi Apparatus — Function: Modifies, ________ and packages proteins, lipids and carbs; receives proteins made in ER.

processes

Lysosomes — Structure: Vesicles containing hydrolytic ________.

enzymes

Lysosomes — Function: ________ old/used organelles; ________ (break-open) and release enzymes to breakdown cell parts.

digestion; lyse

Centrioles — Structure: Made of ________.

microtubules

Centrioles — Function: Used in cell ________ in animal cells.

division

Flagella & Cilia — Structure: ________-tail like structures; ________ hair-like structures; both made of microfilaments.

long; short

Flagella & Cilia — Function: ________ of cells.

movement

Cytoskeleton — Structure: Contains ________ & microfilaments.

microtubules

Cytoskeleton — Function: Maintain cell ________ (structural); movement of materials within cell.

shape

Plants Only: Chloroplast — Structure: Elongated ________-shaped; double membrane; contains chlorophyll; contains: ________, grana and ____.

disc; thylakoid, stroma

Plants Only: Chloroplast — Function: Site of ________; converts sunlight to ________ energy; contains its own DNA.

photosynthesis; chemical

Plants Only: Cell Wall — Structure: ________ membrane in plant cells only; contains 3 layers: ________.

outer; secondary, primary, middle lamella

Plants Only: Cell Wall — Function: ________ protection and structure support for plant cells.

extra