9. Language in Context

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts related to language and thought, as discussed in the lecture.

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

The theory that different cognitive systems influence the ways in which people think about the world.

Linguistic Relativity

The notion that language habits of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation.

Additive Bilingualism

Acquisition of a second language in addition to a relatively well developed first language.

Subtractive Bilingualism

Replacement of elements from a second language for elements of the first language.

Simultaneous Bilingualism

The simultaneous learning of two languages from birth.

Sequential Bilingualism

The sequential learning of one language after another.

Maxim of Quantity

A conversational principle stating to be as informative as required but no more than appropriate.

Maxim of Quality

A conversational principle assuming that both parties are being truthful.

Metaphor

A figure of speech that juxtaposes two nouns to assert their similarities while not disconfirming dissimilarities.

Pragmatics

The study of how people use language in social contexts.

Slips of the Tongue

Inadvertent linguistic errors that reveal the differences between language of thought and expression.

Wernicke’s Aphasia

A language disorder characterized by impairment in understanding spoken words and sentences.

Broca’s Aphasia

Agrammatical speech production impairment with largely preserved verbal comprehension.

Global Aphasia

A combination of impaired comprehension and production of speech due to lesions in Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas.

Anomic Aphasia

Difficulty in naming objects or retrieving words.

Gendered Language

Differences in communication styles between males and females, influencing topic preferences.