HA neuro: reflexes only

deep tendon, superficial, visceral

3 types of reflexes

knee jerk

ex of deep tendon (myoratic) reflex

intact sensory and motor (afferent and efferent) nerves, functional synapse in cord, neuromuscular junction, competent muscle

5 components of DTR

plantar reflex

ex of superficial reflex

pupillary response to light

ex of visceral reflex

4 = very brisk, hyperactive with clonus, indicates disease

3 = brisker than average, may indicate disease

2 = average, normal

1 = diminished, low normal, or occurs with reinforcement

0 = no response

4 point scale for DTR

a rhythmic, involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation, often appearing as a shaking or twitching movement

clonus

contraction of biceps muscle and flexion of forearm

Normal response for biceps reflex

extension of forearm

Normal response for triceps reflex

flexion and supination of forearm

Normal response for brachioradialis reflex

extension of lower leg

Normal response for quadriceps reflex

plantarflex foot

normal response for achilles reflex

plantar reflex

Superficial cutaneous reflex

plantarflex toes; inversion/flexion of forefoot

normal response for plantar reflex