Intro to Rad final

Radiology

Branch of medicine using radiation for diagnosis and treatment

Radiography

Process of taking images

Radiograph

The image produced

Radiologic Technologist

Person who performs imaging procedures

Radiologist

Physician who interprets images

Radiation Therapy

Use of radiation to treat disease (mainly cancer)

Computed Tomography (CT)

3D imaging using x-ray absorption

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Imaging using magnetic fields and radio waves

Sonography

Imaging using sound waves

Nuclear Medicine

Imaging using radioactive substances inside the body

Bone Densitometry

Measurement of bone density

Ionization

Loss or gain of electrons

Radiation

Energy transmitted through space or matter

Wilhelm Roentgen

Discovered X-rays in 1895

Accreditation

.Recognition that a program meets standards

Joint Review Committee (JRC)

Sets standards and accredits programs

ARRT

: Certification registry for radiologic technologists

Certification :

Proof of skill by passing an exam

Licensure :

Legal permission to work in a state

Licensure State :

Requires license to practice

Non-Licensure State :

Does not require license

Registry :

List of certified professionals

Hospital Governance :

Controlled by board of directors

CEO :

Manages daily hospital operations

Mission Statement :

Defines hospital purpose

Radiology Department Role :

Provides imaging and revenue

Administrative Director :

Manages department operations

Medical Director :

Oversees patient care quality

Value-Based Care :

Payment based on quality of care

Emotional Intelligence :

Understanding emotions in yourself and others

Self-Awareness :

reconizing your own emotions

Self-Regulation :

Controlling emotions

Motivation :

Drive to achieve goals

Empathy :

Understanding others feelings

Social Skills :

Interacting effectively with others

Maslow’s Hierarchy :

Basic needs must be met first

Patient Feelings :

Vulnerable, afraid lack of control

Patient Dignity :

.Respect and modesty

Inpatient :

Admitted to hospital

Outpatient :

Not admitted, comes for an exam

Communication :

Successful when both undermans message the same way

Verbal Communication :

Spoken or written words

Nonverbal Communication :

Eye contact, posture, facial expressions

Avoid Jargon : Prevents misunderstanding

Prevents misunderstanding

Touch :

Used for support emphasis palpation

Two Patient Identifiers :

Requireed before procedure

Patient Identifiers :

Name, DOB, ID bracelet

History Taking :

Collects diagnostic info

Objective Data :

Observable (fever,rash)

Subjective Data :

Patient reported (pain)

Chief Complaint :

Patient’s main problem (why they are there)

Sacred Seven :

Key symptom questions

Localization :

Exact location of problem

Chronology :

When it started

Quality :

Type of symptom

Severity :

Pain scale 1-10

Onset :

How it began

Aggravating/Alleviating :

What makes it better or worse

Associated Manifestations :

Other related symptoms

Open-Ended Questions :

Allow patient to explain

Facilitation :

Encouraging responses

Silence :

Allows thinking time

Probing Questions :

Get more detail

Summarization :

Confirms accuracy

Homeostasis : Maintaining stable internal environment

Maintaining stable internal environment

Vital Signs :

BP, temperature, pulse, and respiration

Patient Transfer :

Moving patient safely

Base of Support :

Position for stability(wide stance)

Center of Gravity :

.Where body mass is concentrated (S2)

Proper Lifting :

Bend knees, back straight

Avoid Twisting

Prevents injury

Push Not Pull :

Safer movement

Orthostatic Hypotension :

BP drops when standing after sitting to long

Check Before Transfer :

IVs, Oxygen and tubes

Transfer Leader :

One person (at the head) directs movement

Standby Assist :

Patient mostly independent, there just in case

Assisted Pivot :

Patient can bear weight

Two-Person Lift :

Patient can’t assist, tell them what you are doing

Hydraulic Lift :

Used for heavy patients you can’t lift safely

Motion Distortion

Image blur from movement

Immobilization :

Prevents movement for clear images

Immobilization Devices :

Sponges, straps, sandbags

Radiolucent :

Allows x-rays through

Radiopaque :

Blocks x-ray

Pediatric Care :

Gentle, calm, simple explanations

Geriatric Concern :

High fall risk

Infection :

Growth of microorganisms in host

Pathogens :

Bacteria, viruses, fungi, Protozoa

Exotoxins :

Harmful substances from bacteria

Airborne Transmission :

Spread through air (TB)

Droplet Transmission :

Spread by coughing/sneezing

Contact Transmission :

Spread by touch

Fomite : Contaminated object

Contaminated object

Bloodborne Pathogens :

Microorganisms in blood

HIV :

Attacks immune system

HBV :

Affects liver

Medical Asepsis :

Reduce microorganisms

Surgical Asepsis :

Eliminate all microorganisms

Sterile Field :

Microorganism-free area

Autoclave :

Sterilizes equipment