Fluid, Electrolytes & Nutrition

Accumulation of excess fluid in the interstitial space is known as:

edema.

metabolism.

colloid.

drainage.

edema.

After obtaining an EKG on a patient you notice that ST depression is present along with an inverted T wave and prominent U wave. What lab value would be the cause of this finding?

Magnesium level of 2.2

Sodium level of 140

Potassium level of 5.6

Potassium level of 2.2

Potassium level of 2.2

Match the electrolyte with the normal value ranges:

Magnesium: 1.3-2.1 mEq/L

Potassium: 3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Sodium: 136-145 mEq/L

Total Calcium: 9.0-10.5 mEq/dL

1.3-2.1 mEq/L

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

136-145 mEq/L

9.0-10.5 mEq/dL

Extracellular fluid comprises how much of the total body water?

2/3

1/3

1/2

3/4

1/3

A nurse is asked how many kcal per gram fats provided.

How should the nurse answer?

9

3

4

6

9

The nurse is caring for Timmy, a 9 year old active boy. His mother explains that they eat a strict Vegetarian diet, but Timmy declines to eat many vegetables or soy products. You know that Timmy is at risk for developing a deficiency in:

Protein

Fat

Insulin

Carbohydrates

Protein

You are caring for a 16 year old male patient in for nutritional concerns. You know this age group tends to need ____________ protein and energy than school age children

less

the same

more

more

The patient is on a low potassium diet. You know which of the following foods should be avoided in excess?

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Milk

Molasses

Potatoes

Brazil nuts

Milk

Molasses

Potatoes

Brazil nuts

Match the definition with the correct description.

Hypotonic: This solution is less concentrated than blood.

Isotonic: This solution has the same tonicity as blood.

Hypertonic: This solution is more concentrated than blood.

This solution is less concentrated than blood.

This solution has the same tonicity as blood.

This solution is more concentrated than blood.

When looking at a patient's morning's labs you see that the patient's potassium is 2.5 mEq/L

You know this is referred to as:

Hypokalemia

Hyperpotassemia

Hyperkalemia

Hypophosphatemia

Hypokalemia

On the day following gallbladder surgery a patient is ordered a clear liquid diet. Which of the selection can the patient have?

pudding

milk

jello

chicken noodle soup

jello

Your patient has the following intake.

Ice in a 120mL cup

50mL IV medication

IV fluids running 100 mL/hour for 7 hours

240 mL coffee

You calculate the patient's intake as:

1050

A patient has a decreased gag reflex, left-sided weakness, and drooling.

Which action will the nurse take before feeding this patient?

Assessment by a speech language pathologist (SLP)

Position patient in Trendelenburg position

Place food on the left side

Offer lots of fruit juices

Assessment by a speech language pathologist (SLP)

What are the functions of the digestive system?

SELECT ALL THAT APPLY

Respiration

Absorption

Digestion

Perfusion

Elimination

Absorption

Digestion

Elimination

In providing prenatal care to a pregnant patient, what does the nurse teach the expectant mother?

a. Folic acid is needed to help prevent birth defects and anemia.

b. Calcium intake is especially important in the first trimester.

c. Protein intake needs to decrease to preserve kidney function.

d. kcal/day should double when breast feeding.

Folic acid is needed to help prevent birth defects and anemia.

Which of the following is the main source of energy?

Proteins

Fats

Vitamins

Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

When performing an assessment on a patient that has difficulty swallowing which question has the highest priority to ask?

Do you cough when you are eating?

Do you have any food allergies?

Have you lost any weight recently?

Who prepares your food at home?

Do you cough when you are eating?

pH lower than 7.35 means that the individual is:

Neutral

Acidotic

Basic

Alkalotic

Acidotic

The nurse is providing nutrition education to a Korean patient using the five food groups.

In doing so, what should be the focus of the teaching?

Comparing the patient's ethnic preferences with American dietary choices

Including racial and ethnic practices with food preferences of the patient

Discouraging the patient's ethnic food choices

Changing the patient's diet to a more conventional American diet

Including racial and ethnic practices with food preferences of the patient

The patient you are caring for has 4+ pitting edema in both feet due to build up of fluid in the tissues from heart failure.

You develop a nursing diagnosis of Fluid Volume Overload related to heart failure/fluid in the tissues as evidenced by 4+ pitting edema in both feet

When considering this diagnostic statement, you identify the etiology (cause) as

heart failure/build up of fluid in the tissues

4+ pitting edema

Fluid volume overload

heart failure/build up of fluid in the tissues