Andrew Jackson's Presidency

Revolution of 1828/The Election of 1828

Andrew Jackson's victory broke the line of presidents from Virginia and Massachusetts, and to many citizens represented the triumph of the common man.

Albany Regency

The tightly disciplined state political machine built by Martin Van Buren in New York

Martin Van Buren

Martin Van Buren, a Democratic-Republican Senator from New York, rallied the factory workers of the North in support of Jackson. Was Secretary of State at first, but then became Jackson's V.P. after Calhoun resigned.

Print Revolution

Machine duplication replaced the tedious system in which scribes hand copied texts. Duplication could occur rapidly and made books in large quantities, thus available to everyone (cheap prices). Information spread FAST.

Spoils System

started by Andrew Jackson, is the practice of a successful political party giving public office to its supporters/friends

Kitchen Cabinet

A small group of Jackson's friends, his informal advisors. Jackson conferred with them more often instead of his regular cabinet.

Tariff of 1828 (Tariff of Abominations)

- Tariff passed at the end of JQA's term that imposed very high duties on imports
- Southerners didn't like the tariff because it increased the cost of the manufactured good they bought
- Helps the North because the South is forced to buy American made goods instead
- Andrew Jackson was expected to get rid of tariff (representing "common man" and all), but didn't in order to pay off national debt (he hates the National Bank more)

Force Act

Jackson's response to South Carolina's nullification attempt of the Tariff of 1832; enabled him to make South Carolina comply through force; Henry Clay reworked the tariff so that South Carolina would accept it, but after accepting it, South Carolina also nullified the Force Act

Pet Banks

A term used by Jackson's opponents to describe the state banks that the federal government used for new revenue deposits in an attempt to destroy the Second Bank of the United States; the practice continued after the charter for the Second Bank expired in 1836.

Cherokee v. Georgia

Case in which the Cherokees argued that they were a separate nation and therefore not under Georgia's jurisdiction (they tried to sue the Cherokee). Marshall said they were not, but rather had "special status" and could not sue in a United States court over Georgia's voiding their right to self-rule.

Worcester v. Georgia

Supreme Court Decision - Cherokee Indians were entitled to federal protection from the actions of state governments which would infringe on the tribe's sovereignty - Jackson ignored it

Indian Removal Act

Passed in 1830, authorized Andrew Jackson to negotiate land-exchange treaties with tribes living east of the Mississippi. The treaties enacted under this act's provisions paved the way for the reluctant—and often forcible—emigration of tens of thousands of American Indians to the West.