unit 3 study guide part 11

fibrous

gomphoses-peg in a socket , articulations of teeth with sockets of mandible and maxilla

suture-found between skull bones function as synathroses,become ossified synostoses

syndesmoses- bound by interosseous membrane,broad ligamentous sheets,function as amphiarthroses

cartilaginous

synchondroses-bones joined by hyaline cartilage

symphyses- pads of cartilage between articulating bones and allow sight mobility (amphiathrose)

synovial

plane joints,hinge joints,pivot joints,conddylar joints,saddle joints,ball & socket joints

synovial joints

bursae(deep to gastrocenmius muscle),tendon sheets(fat pads),unaxial(bone moves in just 1 plane or axis),biaxial(bone moves in 2 planes or axis),multiaxial(bone moves in multiple)

bursae

-firbrous,sac-like structures contains synovial liquid

-lined internally my membrane

-fouhnd in synovial joints where bones,ligaments,skin,muscle rub together

inversion and eversion

interversion- occurs at intertarsal joint medially

Exersion -occurs at intertarsal joint laterally

protraction vs retraction

protraction-anterior movement

retraction- posterior movement

opposition vs reposition

opposition- movemt of thumb towards tip of finger

reposition- opposite

types of levers

1st class- fulcrum is between effor and resistance (occipital joint kf the neck)

2nd class- resistance between fulcrum and effor(standing on tiptoe)

3rd class-effor between restsistance and fulcrum(joint is fulcrum,bicep tendons apply effor,weight in hand provides resistance)

aging joints

future fibrous bone-mesenchyme turns into dense regular CT

future cartilagenous bone- mesenchyme turns into hyaline cartilage or fibrocartilage

future synovial joints-laterally placed mesenchyme forms articular capsule and supporting ligaments

shoulder dislocation

dislocated head of humerus

ligaments/cartilage of the knee

-tibial collateral injury when leg forcibly abducted

-fibular collateral ligament injury when medial side of the knee struck

-ACL- leg injury hyperextended

PCL-leg injury hyperflexed