DPT 745 Final Lab Exam - Muscles and Abdominal Wall (Vocabulary Flashcards)

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering key muscles and abdominal wall structures from the notes.

Trapezius

Attachments: Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes C7-T12 to clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula. Action: upper fibers elevate and upwardly rotate the scapula; middle fibers adduct the scapula; lower fibers depress the scapula. Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) with C3-C4 contributions.

Deltoid

Attachments: Spine of the scapula, acromion, clavicle to the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus. Action: middle fibers abduct the arm; anterior fibers flex the arm; posterior fibers extend the arm. Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6).

Rhomboid major

Proximal: Spinous processes T2-T5. Distal: Medial border of scapula from root of spine to inferior angle. Action: retracts (adducts), elevates and downwardly rotates scapula. Innervation: Dorsal scapular nerve (C5).

Rhomboid minor

Proximal: Lower portion of ligamentum nuchae, spinous processes C7-T1. Distal: Root of the spine of the scapula. Action: retracts (adducts), elevates and downwardly rotates scapula. Innervation: not specified in notes.

Supraspinatus

Proximal: Supraspinous fossa. Distal: Greater tubercle of the humerus. Action: shoulder abduction, especially the first 15 degrees. Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6).

Infraspinatus

Proximal: Infraspinous fossa. Distal: Greater tubercle of the humerus. Action: shoulder lateral (external) rotation. Innervation: Suprascapular nerve (C5-C6).

Teres minor

Proximal: Lateral border of the scapula. Distal: Greater tubercle of the humerus. Action: shoulder lateral rotation. Innervation: Axillary nerve (C5-C6).

Subscapularis

Proximal: Subscapular fossa. Distal: Lesser tubercle of humerus. Action: shoulder medial rotation. Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5-C6).

Biceps brachii

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Short head: coracoid process. Distal: Radial tuberosity. Action: flexes the arm at the glenohumeral joint and flexes the elbow with supination. Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6).

Brachialis

Proximal: Anterior aspect of humerus. Distal: Tuberosity of the ulna. Action: flexes forearm at the elbow joint. Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6) and radial nerve (C7) to the lateral part of the muscle.

Triceps brachii

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Medial and Lateral heads: posterior surface of humerus. Distal: Olecranon. Action: extends forearm at the elbow; long head can also extend the arm at the shoulder joint. Innervation: Radial nerve (C6-C8).

External oblique

Proximal: Lower 8 ribs. Distal: Iliac crest, linea alba, pubic tubercle. Action: flex trunk; lateral flexion (same side); rotation (opposite side); compress abdomen; spine stabilization; posterior pelvic tilt. Innervation: Anterior primary rami (APR) T7-T12.

Internal oblique

Proximal: Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, inguinal ligament. Distal: Lower 3 ribs, linea alba, pectineal line, pubic crest. Action: flex trunk; lateral flexion (same side); rotation (same side); compress abdomen; spine stabilization; posterior pelvic tilt. Innervation: APR T7-T12; L1.

Transversus abdominis

Proximal: Lower 6 ribs, linea alba, pectineal line, pubic crest. Distal: —. Action: compress abdomen; spine stabilization; assist with breathing. Innervation: not specified in notes.

Rectus abdominis

Proximal: Pubic crest, tubercle, and symphysis. Distal: Ribs 5-7 and xiphoid process. Action: flex trunk; compress abdomen; posterior pelvic tilt. Innervation: APR T7-T12.

Psoas major

Proximal: T12-L5 transverse processes, vertebral bodies and discs. Distal: Lesser trochanter. Action: hip flexion, trunk flexion, hip external rotation. Innervation: Anterior rami L1-L3.

Psoas minor

Proximal: Vertebrae T12-L1. Distal: Pectineal line. Action: posterior pelvic tilt, weak trunk flexion. Innervation: Anterior rami L1.

Iliacus

Proximal: Iliac fossa. Distal: Lesser trochanter. Action: hip flexion and external rotation. Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2-L3).

Quadratus lumborum

Proximal: Iliac crest and iliolumbar ligament. Distal: Rib 12, transverse processes of L1-L4. Action: lateral trunk flexion, stabilizes rib 12. Innervation: Anterior rami T12-L4.

Diaphragm

Proximal: Xiphoid process, costal cartilages of ribs 7-12, lumbar vertebrae and their intervertebral discs. Distal: Central tendon. Action: contracts during inhalation, relaxes during exhalation. Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3-C5).

Brachial plexus

Structure: Roots, trunks, divisions, cords, and branches of the brachial plexus that innervate the upper limb.