Primate Diversity II: Haplorrhines, Monkeys, and Apes

Anthropoids

Grouping that includes monkeys, apes, and humans; Classified under Haplorrhines

2.1.3.3

Platyrrhines (New World Monkeys) Dental Formation

2.1.2.3

Catarrhines (Old World Monkeys) Dental Formation

Miocene Epoch

Epoch which saw cooler, drier environments which caused grasslands to expand

Miocene Epoch

Epoch during which apes severely outnumbered monkeys and lacked modern traits

Proconsul

Ape with no tail, Y-5 molars, arboreal quadruped

Afropithecus

First primate to leave Africa

Sivapithecus

Similar cranial traits to orangutans, thick enamel

Ouranopithecus

Ancient ape that migrated from Europe whom is also a potential ancestor

Nakalipithecus

Close to LCA of humans and great apes

Tarsiers

small, rat sized primates that features vertical clingers, leapers, are nocturnal.

Social Structure was often solitary or in smaller groups

Distinguished by large eyes, enclosed orbits, elongated ankle bones, not dental comb, and a dry nose

Platyrrhini

New World Monkeys that feature prehensile tails, loudest claws, re-evolved claws, and capuchins

Catarrhini (Old World Monkeys)

Group that features larger and more sexually dimorphic species; features Cercopithecoidea and Hominoidea

Cercopithecoidea

Old World Monkeys; features Colobinae and Cercopithecinae

Cercopithecinae

Omnivorous, diurnal, and a more terrestrial species that stores food in cheek pouches

Colobinae

Primarily eats leaves, and is more arboreal than cercopithecines