Medical Terminology Ch. 13

Bas/o

base; opposite of acid

chrom/o

color

coagul/o

coagulation (blood clotting)

eosin/o

red; rosy; dawn-colored

fibrin/o

fiber

granul/o

granule

hemoglobin/o

hemoglobin

is/o

same; equal

kary/o

nucleus

mon/o

one; single

neutr/o

neither; neutral; nerutrophil

phag/o

eat; swallow

poikil/o

varied; irregular

sider/o

iron

spher/o

globe-shaped; round

-apheresis

removal

-blast

embryonic; immature cell

-cytosis

abnormal condition of cells; slight increase in numbers

-gen

substance that produces

-globin/ -globulin

protein

-lytic

reducing; destroying; separating; breakdown

-oid

resembling; derived from

-osis

condition; usually abnormal

-penia

deficiency

-phage

eat; swallow

-philia

attraction for

-phoresis

carrying; transmission

-plasia

development; formation; growth

-poiesis

formation

-stasis

stopping; controlling; placing

Plasma

liquid portion of blood containing proteins, water, salts, nutrients, wastes, hormones, and vitamins

albumin

major protein in blood; maintains the proper amount of water in the blood

globulin

plasma protein; alpha, beta, and gamma (immune) globulins are examples

fibrinogen

plasma proteins that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process

prothrombin

plasma protein; converted to thrombin in the clotting process

anemia

condition marked by reduction in the number of erythrocytes or in the amount of hemoglobin in blood

polycythemia vera

increase in numbers of red blood cells (erythremia)

hemophilia

hereditary disease of blood clotting failure with abnormal bleeding. Affected individuals are lacking a blood clotting factor (VIII or IX)

purpura

Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and the accumulation of blood under the skin caused by a deficiency off clotting cells (platelets)

granulocytosis

increased numbers of granulocytes in the blood

multiple myeloma

Malignant tumor of bone marrow cells (plasma cells that produce immunoglobulins)

plasmapheresis

removal of plasma from withdrawn blood. Collected cells are retransfused back into the donor. Fresh-frozen plasma or salt solution is used to replace withdrawn plasma

Neutrophil

granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow. It is a phagocytic tissue-fighting cell. Also called a polymorphonuclear leukocyte

megakaryocyte

Large platelet precursor cell found in bone marrow

macrophage

Monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces. As a phagocyte, it engulfs foreign material and debris. In the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, macrophages destroy worn-out red blood cells and also engulf bacteria and other harmful organisms