Atkinson-Shiffrin multi-store model of memory - 5A

Psychology VCE Unit 3

Memory

the process of encoding, storing, and retrieving information that has been previously encountered

ATKINSON SHIFFRIN MULTISTORE MODEL OF MEMORY:

a model of memory which outlines the three separate stores of memory (sensory, short-term, and long-term) each of which interact through the processes of encoding, storage, and retrieval.

Process of memory - step 1

all incoming info enters sensory memory, which briefly stores raw information detected by the senses. If attended to, this information is converted into a usable form and transferred to STM.

Process of memory - step 2

STM temporarily stores a limited amount of info that is consciously attended to and actively manipulated. Rehearsal, a controlled process of consciously repeating or manipulating information in STM, can increase the likelihood of information being encoded into LTM.

Process of memory - step 3

encoding is the process of converting information into a usable form that can be manipulated and stored. Information from STM is encoded into (LTM), where a potentially unlimited amount of information is stored relatively permanently, allowing for the retention of information over time.

Process of memory - step 4

information in LTM can be retrieved, meaning it is accessed and brought into conscious awareness in STM.

Sensory memory

a store of memory which
very briefly stores raw information detected by the senses

Short term memory (STM)

a store of memory that temporarily stores a limited amount of information that is consciously being attended to and actively manipulated.

Rehearsal

a controlled process which involves consciously repeating or manipulating information in STM.

Encoding

the process of converting information into a useable form which
can be manipulated and stored in the brain

Long term memory (LTM)

store of memory in which a potentially unlimited amount of information is stored for a relatively permanent amount of time.

Storage

the retention of information over time.

Retrieval

the process of accessing information, that has been stored in LTM, & bringing it into our conscious awareness in short-term memory.

Strengths of ASMMOM

Distinguishes between the different
stores involved in memory. Outlines that each memory store has a different capacity and duration.

Weaknesses of ASMMOM

May be considered oversimplified. Does not account for individual differences in memory processes, storage duration, and capacity.