Chapter 26, Lesson 2: Carbohydrate Metabolism

Flashcards from Chapter 26, Lesson 2 of McGraw Hill Anatomy and Physiology, Tenth Edition, by Kenneth S. Saladin.

Catabolism

The breakdown of glucose in small steps to be transferred to ATP and heat generation

Glycolysis

The breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate

Anaerobic fermentation

The reduction of pyruvate to lactate without using oxygen

Aerobic respiration

The more efficient form of cellular respiration that requires oxygen and oxidizes pyruvate to carbon dioxide and water

Enzymes

Proteins that contribute to glucose catabolism and energy production

Glycogenesis

The synthesis of glycogen stimulated by insulin to chain glucose monomers together

Glycogenolysis

The hydrolysis of glycogen to release glucose back into blood

Glycogen

An energy-storage molecule that can aid in glucose level regulation

Glyconeogenesis

The synthesis of glucose from noncarbohydrates, such as glycerol and amino acids, that occurs in the liver and kidneys if necessary