4.6 Robots in automated production

Work envelope

Work envelope

3D space a robot can operate within, considering clearance and reach. These distances are determined by the length of a robot's arm and the design of its axes

Advantages of Single-task robots

Advantages of Single-task robots

-Reduces chance of error

-Learnability for the operator

Disadvantages of Single-task robots

-Expensive relative to the outcome

-Long process as little can be done with only single task robots

Advantages of Multi-task robots

-Manufacture is sped up, more efficiency and

-Inputs and outputs can be varied

Disadvantages of Multi-task robots

-Increased chance of error

Advantages of Teams of robots

-Increased efficiency and versatility -Need to hold parts in place while performing other tasks e.g. welding

-Production line processes – require teams of robots to perform different tasks at different stages.

Robots exhibit varying degrees of autonomy (ability to work independently, without human input.

Disadvantages of Teams of robots

Other robots are much more flexible as to the orientation of the object on which they are operating or even the task that has to be performed on the object itself, which the robot may even need to identify.

Machine to machine  (M2M)

(M2M) refers to wired and wireless communication between similar device

First generation robots

A simple mechanical arm that has the ability to make precise motions at high speed. They need constant supervision by a human operator.

Second generation robots

Second-generation robots are equipped with sensors that can provide information about their surroundings. They can synchronize with each other and do not require constant supervision by a human; however, they are controlled by an external control unit.

Third generation robots

Third-generation robots are autonomous and can operate largely without supervision from a human. They have their own central control unit. Swarms of smaller autonomous robots also fit in this category.