90-99

article III

to create the supreme court, allow Congress to establish lower federal courts, define types of cases the federal courts can hear, ect.

federalist 78

written by ALexander Hamilton, argues for the importance of an independent judicial branch

Marbury v Madison

established the principle of judicial review

Judicial Review

The power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional

precedent

a legal principle or rule established in a previous court case that is used as an authoritative

stare decisis

to stand by things decided, follow historical cases when making a ruling on a similar case

jurisdiction

the legal authority of a court or other government entity to hear and decide a case or matter

appellate

legal term that simply means relating to appeals or having the power to review the decision of a lower court

Judicial Activism

when a judge makes rulings based on their personal or political views and perceived societal needs

Judicial Restraint

encourages judges to limit the exercise of their own power and defer to the policy decisions made by the elected legislative and executive branches of government