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Nutrition
A process by which an organism obtains & makes use of food substances (nutrients)
Nutrients
Substances needed for the survival of an organism
Macronutrients
Nutrients needed in large amounts: carbohydrates, proteins, & lipids - need for energy & are broken down to be used as building blocks
Micronutrients
Are essential nutrients needed in small amounts (vitamins & minerals). Found in enzymes, antioxidants, and hormones
Vitamins
Complex organic molecules
Minerals
Elemental ions
Essential nutrients
Nutrients that are needed but the body cannot make & need to be ingested as the nutrient
Nonesse
Malnutrition
A nutrient deficiency in one or more essential nutrients
Undernutrition
Nutrient deficiency where there is inadequate chemical energy ingested. Can lead to “stunting” - children who are too short for their age & development
Overnutrition
A diet where more is consumed than needed. Lead cause of obesity
Intracellular digestion
In porifera, food is ingested and digested by individual cells. Food is ingested by phagocytosis
