Chapter 12 - Government, propaganda and foreign relations

Cult of Lenin Cult of Stalin Terror

Factionalism

Factionalism

• 1921 Ban on Factions

Stalin nicknames

• Great Helmsman

• Vozhd (the boss)

Cult of Lenin

• body embalmed (against Lenin’s wife’s wishes)

• Tomb turned into a shrine

• 1924 Petrograd renamed Leningrad

1922 Treaty of Rapallo

• Normalised diplomatic relations

1926 Treaty of Berlin

• Article 1 - re-affirmed importance of Rapallo

• Article 2 -

June 1926

• Russia recieved large financial credits from German bank

• Cause of Berlin Treaty

1929 Stalin’s 50th Birthday

receives 350 greetings from totally fictional organisations

Dec 1927

• Litvinov announced policy of complete disarmament

• Turning point from war scare

• called upon signatories to settle disputes peacefully

• 15 (mainly-western) signatories

1928 Kellog Pact

• promised not to resort to war

• established friendly relations

• signed by most of Russia’s neighbours (eg. Poland, Baltics, Persia, Turkey)

1929 Litvinoff Protocol

German Trade Agreement 1928

• 30% of german machinery exported to Russia

• German engineers sent to aid industrialization

GMD

Chinese nationalist forces - backed by Stalin against communist PLA