MICROBIOLOGY BURTONS Chapter 1-4

a

Which of the following individuals is considered to be the “Father of Microbiology?”

a. Anton von Leeuwenhoek

b. Louis Pasteur

c. Robert Koch

d. Rudolf Virchow

b

  The microbes that usually live on or in a person are collectively referred to as:

a. germs.

b. indigenous microflora.

c. nonpathogens.

d. opportunistic pathogens.

d

 Microbes that live on dead and decaying organic material are known as:

a. indigenous microflora.

b. parasites.

c. pathogens.

d. Saprophytes.

d

The study of algae is called:

a. algaeology.

b. botany.

c. mycology.

d. Phycology.

b

The field of parasitology involves the study of which of the following types of organisms?

a. arthropods, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses

b. arthropods, helminths, and certain protozoa

c. bacteria, fungi, and protozoa

d. bacteria, fungi, and viruses

b

 Rudolf Virchow is given credit for proposing which of the following theories?

a. abiogenesis

b. biogenesis

c. germ theory of disease

d. spontaneous generation

d

 Which of the following microbes are considered obligate intracellular pathogens?

a. chlamydias, rickettsias, M. leprae, and T. pallidum

b. M. leprae and T. pallidum

c. M. tuberculosis and viruses

d. rickettsias, chlamydias, and viruses

b

 Which of the following statements is true?

a. Koch developed a rabies vaccine.

b. Microbes are ubiquitous.

c. Most microbes are harmful to humans.

d. Pasteur conducted experiments that proved the

theory of abiogenesis.

b

 Which of the following are even smaller than viruses?

a. chlamydias

b. prions and viroids

c. rickettsias

d. Cyanobacteria

b

 Which of the following individuals introduced the terms “aerobes” and “anaerobes”?

a. Anton von Leeuwenhoek

b. Louis Pasteur

c. Robert Koch

d. Rudolf Virchow

d

A millimeter is equivalent to how many nanometers?

a. 1,000

b. 10,000

c. 100,000

d. 1,000,000

b

Assume that a pinhead is 1 mm in diameter. How many spherical bacteria (cocci), lined up side by side, would fit across the pinhead? (Hint: Use information

from Table 2-1.)

a. 100

b. 1,000

c. 10,000

d. 100,000

a

 What is the length of an average rod-shaped bacterium (bacillus)?

a. 3 m

b. 3 nm

c. 0.3 mm

d. 0.03 mm

d

 What is the total magnification when using the high-power (high-dry) objective of a compound light microscope equipped with a 10 ocular lens?

a. 40

b. 50

c. 100

d. 400

d

 What is the total magnification when using the high-power (high-dry) objective of a compound light microscope equipped with a 10 ocular lens?

a. 40

b. 50

c. 100

d. 400

b

 How many times better is the resolution of the transmission electron microscope than the resolution of the compound light microscope?

a. 100

b. 1,000

c. 10,000

d. 100,000

a

How many times better is the resolution of the transmission electron microscope than the resolution of the scanning electron microscope?

a. 100

b. 1,000

c. 10,000

d. 100,000

d

The limiting factor of any compound light microscope (i.e., the thing that limits its resolution to 0.2 m) is the:

a. number of condenser lenses it has.

b. number of magnifying lenses it has.

c. number of ocular lenses it has.

d. wavelength of visible light.

b

Which of the following individuals is given credit for developing the first compound microscope?

a. Anton van Leeuwenhoek

b. Hans Jansen

c. Louis Pasteur

d. Robert Hooke

b

 A compound light microscope differs from a simple microscope in that the compound light microscope contains more than one:

a. condenser lens.

b. magnifying lens.

c. objective lens.

d. ocular lens.

c

 Molecules of extrachromosomal DNA are also known as:

a. Golgi bodies.

b. lysosomes.

c. plasmids.

d. plastids.

c

A bacterium possessing a tuft of flagella at one end of its cell would be called what kind of bacterium?

a. amphitrichous

b. lophotrichous

c. monotrichous

d. peritrichous

b

One way in which an archaean would differ from a bacterium is that the archaean would possess no:

a. DNA in its chromosome.

b. peptidoglycan in its cell walls.

c. ribosomes in its cytoplasm.

d. RNA in its ribosomes.

c

Some bacteria stain Gram-positive and others stain Gram-negative as a result of differences in the structure of their:

a. capsule.

b. cell membrane.

c. cell wall.

d. ribosomes

c

Of the following, which one is not found in procaryotic Cells?

a. cell membrane

b. chromosome

c. mitochondria

d. plasmids

c

The Three-Domain System of Classification is based on differences in which of the following Molecules?

a. mRNA

b. peptidoglycan

c. rRNA

d. tRNA

b

 Which of the following is in the correct sequence?

a. Kingdom, Class, Division, Order, Family, Genus

b. Kingdom, Division, Class, Order, Family, Genus

c. Kingdom, Division, Order, Class, Family, Genus

d. Kingdom, Order, Division, Class, Family, Genus

c

Which one of the following is never found in procaryotic Cells?

a. flagella

b. capsule

c. cilia

d. ribosomes

a

The semipermeable structure controlling the transport of materials between the cell and its external environment is the:

a. cell membrane.

b. cell wall.

c. cytoplasm.

d. nuclear membrane.

c

In eucaryotic cells, what are the sites of photosynthesis?

a. mitochondria

b. plasmids

c. plastids

d. Ribosomes

d

Which one of the following steps occurs during the multiplication of animal viruses, but not during the multiplication of bacteriophages?

a. assembly

b. biosynthesis

c. penetration

d. uncoating

a

Which one of the following diseases or groups of diseases is not caused by prions?

a. certain plant diseases

b. chronic wasting disease of deer and elk

c. Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease of humans

d. “mad cow disease”

a

 Most procaryotic cells reproduce by:

a. binary fission.

b. budding.

c. gamete production.

d. spore formation.

c

The group of bacteria that lack rigid cell walls and take on irregular shapes is:

a. chlamydias.

b. mycobacteria.

c. mycoplasmas.

d. rickettsias.

a

 At the end of the Gram staining procedure, Grampositive bacteria will be:

a. blue to purple.

b. green.

c. orange.

d. pink to red.

b

 Which one of the following statements about rickettsias is false?

a. Diseases caused by rickettsias are arthropod-borne.

b. Rickets is caused by a Rickettsia species.

c. Rickettsia species cause typhus and typhuslike

diseases.

d. Rickettsias have leaky membranes.

c

 Which one of the following statements about Chlamydia and Chlamydophila spp. is false?

a. They are obligate intracellular pathogens.

b. They are considered to be “energy parasites.”

c. The diseases they cause are all arthropod-borne.

d. They are considered to be Gram-negative bacteria.

a

Which one of the following statements about cyanobacteria is false?

a. Although cyanobacteria are photosynthetic, they do

not produce oxygen as a result of photosynthesis.

b. At one time, cyanobacteria were called bluegreen

algae.

c. Some cyanobacteria are capable of nitrogen

fixation.

d. Some cyanobacteria are important medically

because they produce toxins.

d

 Which one of the following statements about archaea is false?

a. Archaea are more closely related to eucaryotes than they are to bacteria.

b. Both archaea and bacteria are procaryotic organisms.

c. Some archaea live in extremely hot environments.

d. The cell walls of archaea contain a thicker layer

of peptidoglycan than the cell walls of bacteria.

a

An organism that does not require oxygen, grows better in the absence of oxygen, but can survive in atmospheres containing some molecular oxygen is known as a(n):

a. aerotolerant anaerobe.

b. capnophile.

c. facultative anaerobe.

d. Microaerophile.