micro bio unit 1

studied byStudied by 0 people
0.0(0)
learn
LearnA personalized and smart learning plan
exam
Practice TestTake a test on your terms and definitions
spaced repetition
Spaced RepetitionScientifically backed study method
heart puzzle
Matching GameHow quick can you match all your cards?
flashcards
FlashcardsStudy terms and definitions

1 / 21

encourage image

There's no tags or description

Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.

22 Terms

1

Microbes

The foundation of all life forms and believed to be the first living entities on Earth.

New cards
2

Biosphere 2

A self-sustaining ecosystem in the Arizona Desert, used to study self-sustainability.

New cards
3

Extremophiles

Microbes that thrive in extreme environments, such as high temperature or pressure.

New cards
4

LUCA

Last Universal Common Ancestor, a hypothetical ancient organism from which all modern life descends.

New cards
5

Protocell

Pre-cellular forms capable of self-replication of RNA and carrying out basic chemical reactions.

New cards
6

Prokaryotes

Simple cells without membrane-bound organelles, allowing for rapid metabolic processes.

New cards
7

Eukaryotes

More complex cells with membrane-bound organelles, such as plants and animals.

New cards
8

Endosymbiotic Theory

The theory suggesting eukaryotic cells arose when larger cells engulfed smaller prokaryotes.

New cards
9

Peptidoglycan

A key structural component of bacterial cell walls, providing rigidity and protection.

New cards
10

Biofilms

Complex communities of microorganisms that adhere to surfaces, often encased in a self-produced matrix.

New cards
11

Fluid Mosaic Model

Describes the flexible, dynamic nature of the cell membrane.

New cards
12

Pili

Hair-like structures on bacteria used for attachment.

New cards
13

Fimbriae

Similar to pili but might differ in size or number on the cell surface.

New cards
14

Diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

New cards
15

Passive Transport

Type of transport requiring no energy, where materials move down their concentration gradient.

New cards
16

Active Transport

Transport mechanism that requires energy to move materials against their concentration gradient.

New cards
17

Gram-Positive Cells

Bacteria with a thick peptidoglycan layer; stains purple in Gram staining.

New cards
18

Gram-Negative Cells

Bacteria with a thin peptidoglycan layer and an outer membrane; stains pink in Gram staining.

New cards
19

Glycocalyx

A protective outer layer composed of polysaccharides found on the surface of some cells.

New cards
20

Flagella

Essential structures for bacterial motility, responsible for movement.

New cards
21

Endoflagella

Unique to spirochetes; provides a corkscrew motion for mobility.

New cards
22

Horizontal Gene Transfer

The process of transferring genes between organisms in the same environment.

New cards
robot