Studied by 1 person
conservative
A person who believes government power, particularly in the economy, should be limited in order to maximize individual freedom.
liberal
groups that may want government to provide welfare at a higher, though still impoverished income lever; leniency on governments
political culture
set of attitudes that shape political behavior
Individualism
The unique importance of each individual
Equal Protection Clause
14th amendment clause that prohibits states from denying equal protection under the law, and has been used to combat discrimination
free enterprise
Economic system in which individuals and businesses are allowed to compete for profit with a minimum of government interference
Rule of Law
principle that the law applies to everyone, even those who govern
Limited Government
one kept under control by law and by checks and balances and the separation of powers
Ideology
a comprehensive and mutually consistent set of ideas
valence issues
concerns or policies that are viewed in the same way by people with a variety of ideologies
wedge issues
An issue that divides or causes conflict in an otherwise unified group.
Saliency
the degree to which an issue is important to a particular individual or group.
moderate
Person whose views are between conservative and liberal and may include some of both ideologies
Libertarian
oppose government intervention or regulation
Populists
follow a strict moral code and contribute to charity
progressive
believe in worker´s rights over corporate rights, and they believe the wealthier classes should pay a much larger percentage of taxes than they currently do
political socialization
the process by which people gain their political attitudes and opinions (Ex: family, media, peers, religious and civic institutions)
benchmark poll
used to gather general information about people´s views and concerns
tracking polls
ongoing series of surveys that follow changes in public opinion over time
Entrance Poll
A poll that is taken before voters have cast their votes at the polling stations
exit poll
a poll of people leaving a polling place, asking how they voted.
focus group
A small group of individuals who are led in discussion by a professional consultant in order to gather opinions on and responses to candidates and issues.
approval ratings
The percentage of survey respondents who say that they "approve" or "strongly approve" of the way the president is doing his job.
Framing
posing a question in a way that emphasizes a certain perspective
representative sample
randomly selected sample of subjects from a larger population of subjects
universe
the population from which a sample will be drawn
random sample
every member of the universe must have an equal chance of selection into the sample
random digit dialing
a computer randomly calls possible numbers in a given area until enough people respond to establish a sample
Stratification
making sure demographic groups are properly represented in a sample
sampling error
the difference between the results of random samples taken at the same time
push polling
a telephone poll with an ulterior motive
horse race journalism
news coverage that focuses on who is ahead rather than on the issues or who is better qualified
bandwagon effect
a shift in electoral support to the candidate whom public opinion polls report as the front-runner
Bully Pulpit
the president's use of his prestige and visibility to guide or enthuse the American public
Note 
Flashcard (55)