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Imitation
The melody is immediately copied in another part.
Melismatic
Vocal music where several notes are sung to each syllable.
Syllabic
Vocal music where each note is given one syllable.
Mode/Modal
Usually this refers to any of the early scales e.g. Dorian mode (white notes D to D on a keyboard).
Plainchant
Unaccompanied melody set to the Latin words of the Roman Catholic liturgy. Modal with no regular meter
Pedal
A held note or repeated notes in the bass beneath changing upper parts.
Contrary motion
Two parts which move in opposite directions.
Word painting
when the melody of a song actually reflects the meaning of the words
