________ lead to the ability to create extensive and planned gardens.
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Evaporation loss
________ is high, equipment is expensive, and salt can build up in soils.
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Romans
________ made no major horticultural advancements, but they did use and improve on the technology of conquered peoples.
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Horticultural engineering
________ can automate processes and implement remote sensing.
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Photosynthesis
________ requires carbon dioxide, water, and light, and yields glucose and oxygen as a waste product.
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Horticultural crops
________ are often pruned for enhanced light interception, particularly for more light to hit the middle of the tree.
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Halophytes
________ .. plants that thrive in high salt soils.
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Horticulture
________ is the manipulation of plants and their environment.
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minimum number of hours
There is a(n) ________ that a temperature must be below a certain threshold for buds to break dormancy.
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anthocyanin production
Light can stimulate ________, making fall leaves more colorful and fruits more red.
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variety of supplemental lighting
A(n) ________ can be used to improve plant growth.
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Woven materials
________ protect more than paper or plastic.
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DIFF
The difference between night and day is ________, calculated by subtracting the night temperature from the day temperature.
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Theophrastus
________ was the first person to classify plants.
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Thermoperiodicity
________ .. When plants grow better with alternating day and night temperatures.
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physiology
It also plays a major role in plant ________, impacting growth, development, flowering, dormancy, yield, and color.
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Helicopters
________ .. can be used to protect crops from cooling by mixing the air.
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Agriculture
________ lead to an available and dependable food supply, which in turn lead humans to be able to become scientists, artists, and engineers.
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Rapid changes
________ in temperature can cause injury to plants, sometimes even including cold water falling on leaves.
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Sunscald
________ .. damage of thin barked trees which occurs when temperatures are below freezing, sun hits the bark and raises the temperature, thawing the tissues, and freezing conditions return as soon as the sun is no longer on the tissues.
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Stomatal opening
________ is regulate by guard cells and facilitates carbon dioxide entering the leaves as well as water exiting.
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Etiolation
________ does not occur in monocots, rather leaves just get bigger.
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Temperature
________ is the most important factor in plant distribution.
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caloric intake
All ________ comes from plants, sustaining all life on Earth.
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Water
________ is a universal solvent, helping transport nutrients, fertilizers, sugars, and hormones.
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Thigmotropism
________ .. movement in response to touch.
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Hatch Act
The ________ of 1887 led to experiment stations in every state.
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last longer
LED lights are expensive, but ________, use less energy are harder to break, and can be put closer to plants than other light options.
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bare root
Plants may be sold "balled and burlapped "with a ball of soil dug up and wrapped or ________, which risks transplant shock.
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dark period
Light can be defined by its itensity (quantity), color (quality), and the length of the ________ (photoperiod)
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Dormancy
________ is bad because weeds can lay dormant in fields for years.
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Peru
In the Americas, Pre- Incans in ________ cultivated corn, potatoes, cacao, tomatoes, peppers, and beans about 5, 000 years ago.
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1940s
The Green Revolution occurred from the ________ to the 1970s when populaitons were rising and crop yeilds were stagnating.
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photoperiodism
Understanding ________ allows plants to be produced in any hemisphere at any time.
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Post harvest refrigeration
________ and controlled atmosphere extends the viability of food.
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Flowers
________ are detached and used in arrangements.
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Hand watering
________ is simple and low cost, but has variable success and requires a lot of labor.
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color
Pruning properly allows for more photosynthesis, more sugars, higher yields, and more fruit ________.
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Senescence
________ .. a failure of plant reactions preceding cell death.
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Cold frames
________ have no heat.
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erosion
They prevent ________, provide pharmaceuticals, and give beauty to spaces.
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Fruit orchards
________ are usually planted on slopes to avoid cool air.
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Chinese
The ________ developed cultural practices for tea, oranges, and Ephedra.
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Post harvest preservation
________ is a major aspect of pomology.
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Nursery crops
________ mostly involve the sale of woody ornamental plants in one of the fastest growing segments of agriculture.
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Ornamental hedges
________ are pruned for aesthetic, but also light capture.
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Green Revolution
The ________ arose out of necessity and resulted in the modernization of agriculture, leading to enhanced crop yields, increased food security, and reduced hunger.
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Mesophytes
________ .. plants that prefer intermediate soil moisture, a group including most plants.
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Phytochrome resonses
________ are essentially etiolation, but due to lower quality light rather than lower quality.
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