EAPP Reviewer: Academic Texts, Outlining, and Literary Approaches

Vocabulary practice flashcards covering EAPP MET 1 and MET 2 lecture materials, including academic text types, essay structures, objective language, text structures, outlining principles, paper types, and literary approaches.

Academic Text

A critical, objective, specialized reading material that provides information about concepts and theories related to a specific discipline.

Textbook

A standard work for a particular branch of study designed to help the learner understand a subject in a style suited to its audience.

Essay

A short literary composition on a particular theme or subject, usually in prose and generally analytic, speculative, or interpretative.

Descriptive Essay

An essay type that describes a person, place, object, or experience using details so the reader can picture it.

Narrative Essay

An essay type that tells a story or series of events, usually in chronological order.

Expository Essay

An essay type that explains or informs the reader about a topic using facts and information.

Persuasive Essay

An essay type that tries to convince the reader to accept an idea, opinion, or position.

Hook

An interesting opening in an introduction that grabs the reader's attention and introduces the topic.

Transitional Statement

A sentence that connects the introduction or ideas smoothly and leads the reader toward the main point.

Thesis Statement

The main argument, position, or central idea of a text that tells the reader what the writer will discuss, explain, or prove.

Restating Thesis Statement

A component of a conclusion that repeats the main argument using different words to remind the reader of the central point.

Call to Action

A concluding element that encourages the reader to do something, change something, or take a specific step based on the topic.

Thesis (Degree Requirement)

A research paper usually written for a master's degree that presents student research, findings, and arguments to prove an existing theory or add new knowledge.

Dissertation

An extensive and original research project required for a doctoral (PhD) degree that develops theory and contributes new knowledge.

Research Article

A formal academic text presenting the results of a study or investigation supported by evidence, data, and reliable sources.

Case Study

A detailed study of a person, group, organization, or situation to understand it better, commonly used in business, sociology, and law.

Objective Language

Academic language that avoids personal language and emotional reasoning, relying on logical facts and third-person point of view.

Formal Language

Academic language that avoids casual terms and contractions while selecting formal vocabulary and cautious modal expressions.

Technical Language

Terms exclusive to a specific discipline used to explain concepts clearly, which are formal and understandable by many, unlike jargon.

Chronological Text Structure

A text structure that arranges events in the exact order they occurred, from first to last.

Compare and Contrast

A text structure that highlights the similarities and differences between two or more things.

Cause-Effect

A text structure explaining why something happened (cause) and what happened as a result (effect).

Problem-Solution

A text structure that presents an issue and suggests one or more ways to resolve it.

Sequence and Process

A text structure explaining the specific steps or stages of how something is done or occurs.

Spatial and Descriptive

A text structure describing something based on its appearance, features, or location/position so the reader can picture it.

Topic Sentence

The main idea of a specific paragraph, anchored to the central thesis statement of the overall text.

Summary

The practice of shortening an original text by omitting unnecessary details using one's own words.

Outline

The structural skeleton of a text used as an organizing tool to detail major and minor points.

Reading Outline

An outline created based on a text that has already been read.

Writing Outline

An outline created to serve as a guide for a text that is planned to be written.

Topic Outline

An outline written in a general manner using brief words or phrases.

Sentence Outline

An outline written entirely in complete sentences.

Decimal Outline

An outline format that uses numbers to structure and organize ideas.

Alphanumeric Outline

An outline format that combines numbers and letters to show ranking and levels of details.

Coordination (Outlining)

The outlining principle stating that ideas located at the same level must share equal importance.

Subordination (Outlining)

The outlining principle where general ideas are followed by specific supporting details.

Division (Outlining)

The outlining principle requiring each level to be divided into at least two supporting sub-items.

Parallelism (Outlining)

The outlining principle requiring ideas at the same level to maintain consistent grammatical form.

Reaction Paper

A subjective academic text written from personal perspective without requiring expert status, though still formatted formally and backed by research.

Review Paper

An objective academic text written by knowledgeable individuals highlighting both the strengths and weaknesses of a subject to help the audience assess it.

Critique Paper

An objective academic text written by experts using higher-order thinking skills to evaluate, analyze, and challenge knowledge in a field.

Historical Approach

A literary approach examining the historical timeline of a particular subject or literary work.

Biographical Approach

A literary approach examining the author's life through primary sources to understand how personal experiences influenced the text.

Historical-Biographical Approach

A literary approach combining historical context with the author's personal life timeline.

Formalism Approach

A literary approach focused primarily on structural elements such as language, tone, imagery, literary devices, word choice, and syntax.

Feminism Approach

A literary approach focusing on the oppression, discrimination, and marginalization faced by girls and women in society.

Readers-Response Approach

A literary approach centered on reader reaction as the standard for evaluating a text.

Marxism Approach

A literary approach emphasizing collective struggles, representation of social classes, and underlying class struggles within social, historical, cultural, and political contexts.