number 1

unrivaled (a)

/ʌnˈraɪvld/

• The hotel enjoys an unrivalled position overlooking the lake.

• an unrivalled knowledge of antiques

• better or greater than any other

= vô song, không có đối thủ

= unsurpassed = unparalleled (không gì bằng)

off the beaten track/path

remote area

departure (n)

/dɪˈpɑːtʃə(r)/

• departure from… : They had received no news of him since his departure from the island.

• departure for… : The day of their departure for London was growing closer.

• departure to… : She postponed her departure to Scotland.

• before departure : Flights should be confirmed 48 hours before departure.

• Their latest single represents a new departure for the band.

• an act of leaving a place

= khởi hành, rời đi

>< arrivals

• an action that is different from what is usual or expected

= sự khác biệt = differences

aversion (n)

/əˈvɜːʃn/

• aversion to somebody/something : He had an aversion to getting up early.

• a strong aversion

• a strong feeling of not liking somebody/something

= ác cảm

= antipathy (ác cảm) = loathing (sự ghê tởm)

negligence (n)

/ˈneɡlɪdʒəns/

• The accident was caused by negligence on the part of the driver.

• the failure to give somebody/something enough care or attention

= tính cẩu thả, lỡ đễnh

= carelessness = laxity (tính không nghiêm, lỏng lẻo)

escalate (v)

/ˈeskəleɪt/

• the escalating costs of healthcare

• escalate into something : The fighting escalated into a full-scale war.

• escalate something (into something) : We do not want to escalate the war.

• escalate something : If I don't get a satisfactory outcome, I'm going to have to escalate this issue.

• to become greater, worse, more serious, etc.; to make something greater, worse, more serious, etc.

= leo thang

• to involve a more senior person in dealing with a problem or complaint

= khiếu nại / trình lên / báo cáo lên cấp trên

= expand = intensify = step up

elevate (v)

/ˈelɪveɪt/

• elevate somebody/something (to something) : He elevated many of his friends to powerful positions within the government.

• elevate something (into/to something) : It was an attempt to elevate football to a subject worthy of serious study.

• elevate something : It is important that the injured leg should be elevated.

• to give somebody/something a higher position or rank, often more important than they deserve

= nâng cao, nâng lên

= raise = promote = upgrade = improve

• to lift something up or put something in a higher position

• to improve a person’s mood, so that they feel happy

= làm phấn chấn, hân hoan

smoke and mirrors

tung hỏa mù

take (something) at face value

tin vào vẻ bề ngoài

stringent (a)

/ˈstrɪndʒənt/

• stringent air quality regulations

• Licences are only granted under the most stringent conditions.

• the government’s stringent economic policies

• (of a law, rule, regulation, etc.) very strict and that must be obeyed

= nghiêm ngặt, nghiêm khắc, chặt chẽ

= strict = forceful = harsh = severe = rigid

• (of financial conditions) difficult and with very strict controls because there is not much money

= khan hiếm (tiền), khó khăn về mặt tiền bạc

= rare = scarce

tangible (a)

/ˈtændʒəbl/

• tangible benefits/improvements/results, etc.

• We cannot accept his findings without tangible evidence.

• that can be clearly seen to exist

= hữu hình, có thể nhìn thấy được

= visible = clear = palpable = perceptible

entail (v)

/ɪnˈteɪl/

• entail something The job entails a lot of hard work.

• be entailed in something They learn exactly what is entailed in caring for a newborn baby.

• entail (somebody) doing something It will entail driving a long distance every day.

• to involve something that cannot be avoided

= đòi hỏi, bắt phải, yêu cầu

= necessitate = involve = require = demand

nuanced (a)

/ˈnjuːɑːnst/

• As her career progressed, her work became more complex and nuanced.

• Most of the important decisions we make are highly nuanced, and very few are black and white.

• with very slight differences in meaning or expression

= có sắc thái hơn = phức tạp

= complex

sparkling (a)

/ˈspɑːklɪŋ/

• sparkling blue eyes

• sparkling mineral water

• a sparkling conversation/personality

• a sparkling performance

= lấp lánh

= có ga = fizzy

= rõ ràng, sáng sủa = brilliant

= thú vị = interesting and funny

deficit (n)

/ˈdefɪsɪt/

• a budget deficit

• in deficit

• There's a deficit of $3 million in the total needed to complete the project.

• make up a deficit ; meet a deficit

(financial) thâm hụt ngân sách

= shortfall = loss

manipulative (a)

/məˈnɪpjələtɪv/

• He’s extremely manipulative, so don’t let him persuade you.

• showing skill at influencing somebody or forcing somebody to do what you want, often in an unfair way

= thao túng , dắt mũi dư luận

= calculating = scheming (có tính toán, mưu mô)

• connected with the ability to handle objects with skill

= khéo léo bằng tay

= dexterous (khéo léo, nhanh nhẹn)

pledge (n)

/pledʒ/

• pledge something to somebody/something : We all had to pledge allegiance to the flag .

• pledge to do something The group has pledged to continue campaigning.

• pledge somebody/yourself (to something) : They were all pledged to secrecy.

• pledge somebody/yourself to do something : The government has pledged itself to root out corruption.

• to formally promise to give or do something

= cam kết, cam đoan trịnh trọng

= promise = vow (tuyên thệ) = swear (thề) ~ guarantee

• to leave something with somebody as a pledge

= cầm cố tài sản

• to promise to become a junior member of a fraternity or sorority

= xin gia nhập hội nhóm

revenue (n)

/ˈrevənjuː/

• The government is currently facing a shortfall in tax revenue.

• Advertising revenue finances the commercial television channels.

• a slump in oil revenues

• The company's annual revenues rose by 30%.

• (business) doanh thu

• (government) ngân sách, thu nhập

= receipts (khoản thu) = incomes = turnover (doanh số)

a ticking time bomb

extremely dangerous ( health, society, economic, technology, environment )

= như một quả bom hẹn giờ

= imminent danger (hiểm họa cận kề)

= sitting on a powder keg

counter (n)

/ˈkaʊntə(r)/

e.g

- behind the counter : I asked the woman behind the counter if they had any postcards.

- He put his bags down on the kitchen counter.

v = oppose / resist

n = bar = desk = table

a = against : counter-productive, counter-attack

discern (v)

/dɪˈsɜːn/

• He discerned a certain coldness in their welcome.

• We could just discern the house in the distance.

• be aware of

= nhận thức, hiểu rõ

= detect = recognize

= perceive

• to see or hear something, usually with difficulty

= lờ mờ nhìn thấy/ nghe thấy

= make out = spot

empirical (a)

/ɪmˈpɪrɪkl/

• empirical evidence/knowledge/research

• an empirical study

• based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories

= thử nghiệm, lâm sàng , thực nghiệm

= experimental = practical = factual

conscientious (a)

/ˌkɒnʃiˈenʃəs/

• a conscientious student/teacher/worker

• He was thorough and conscientious, rather than brilliant.

• taking care to do things carefully and correctly

= cẩn thận, tỉ mỉ, đúng đắn, hết lòng

= (work) creditable = hard-working = diligent = industrious

= (life) thorough = meticulous

intimidate (v)

/ɪnˈtɪmɪdeɪt/

• intimidate somebody (into something/into doing something)

• They were accused of intimidating people into voting for them.

• She refused to be intimidated by their threats.

• to frighten or threaten somebody so that they will do what you want

= đe dọa , gây áp lực

= frighten = threaten = bully

overstate (v)

/ˌəʊvəˈsteɪt/

e.g :

- He tends to overstate his case when talking politics.

exaggerate = magnify

blow something out of proportion

in line with

e.g : Annual pay increases will be in line with inflation.

in accordance with

in agreement with

in compliance with

align with = consistent with

dismal (a)

/ˈdɪzməl/

• dismal conditions/surroundings/weather

• Christmas will be dismal without the children.

• Their recent attempt to increase sales has been a dismal failure.

• causing or showing the feeling of being sad

= u buồn, ảm đạm

= glooming = miserable (khốn khổ)

= dreary (buồn tẻ)

• not successful; of very low quality

= thất bại ê chề , tồi tệ, thảm hại

= pathetic (thảm hại)

adversity (n)
/ədˈvɜːsəti/
- He overcame many personal adversities.

- She was able to overcome adversity and rise to prominence as one of the country's most powerful executives.

nghịch cảnh

= hardship = obstacle

ingenuity(n)

/ˌɪndʒəˈnjuːəti/

e.g :

- The problem tested the ingenuity of even the most imaginative students.

- I was impressed by the ingenuity and energy of the contestants.

tài khéo léo

= dexterity = inventiveness

audacity(n)

/ɔːˈdæsəti/

- He had the audacity to say I was too fat.

- It took a lot of audacity to stand up and criticize the chairman.

• sự táo bạo , liều lĩnh

= boldness = bravery = daring

• sự trơ trẽn, xấc xược

• = impudence = insolence

convict (v/n)

/

• convict somebody of something/doing something

• v : tuyên án, kết án

= find guilty = condemn

• n : người tù, phạm nhân

= prisoner = inmate = criminal

conviction (n)
/kənˈvɪkʃn/

e.g :

- She has six previous convictions for theft.

- She was motivated by deep religious conviction.

have/lack the courage of your convictions

• sự kết án, bản án

• sự tin tưởng mãnh liệt, niềm tin kiên định : unwavering conviction

embody (v)

/

• She embodies everything you could want in a leader: courage, intelligence, and empathy.

• The civil rights principles are embodied in the country’s constitution.

• là hiện thân, hình mẫu đại diện

= personify = exemplify = represent = symbolize

• bao gồm, chưa đựng

= include = incorporate = contain

polarize (v)

/ˈpəʊləraɪz/

• The gun control issue has deeply polarized the nation.

• gây chia rẽ phe phái, tạo thế đối đầu

= divide = separate

= drive a wedge between

• (physic, chemistry ) sự phân cực

trajectory (n)

/trəˈdʒektəri/

đường đi của một tên lửa, đầu đạn

emerge (v)

/ɪˈmɜːdʒ/

• emerge from something : She finally emerged from her room at noon.

• emerge into something : We emerged into bright sunlight.

• it emerges that… : It emerged that the company was going to be sold.

• emerge as something : He emerged as a key figure in the campaign.

• The crabs emerge at low tide to look for food.

• [intransitive] to move out of or away from something and become possible to see

= đi ra từ, nhô lên từ

= đi ra vùng/ không gian …

• (of facts, ideas, etc.) to become known

= được hé lộ, sáng tỏ, lộ ra

= come out = transpire

• to start to exist; to appear or become known

= xuất hiện, trở thành, nổi lên (như)….

• to survive a difficult situation or experience

= vượt qua, thoát khỏi hoàn cảnh khó khăn

= overcome = get over

apparent (a)

/əˈpærənt/

• Then, for no apparent reason, the train suddenly stopped.

• apparent from something that… It was apparent from her face that she was really upset.

• apparent to somebody that… It soon became apparent to everyone that he couldn't sing.

• apparent from something No damage was apparent from a brain scan.

• My parents were concerned at my apparent lack of enthusiasm for school.

• There is an apparent contradiction between these two approaches.

• It is readily apparent that

• More apparent than real = có tiếng mà không có miếng

• easy to see or understand

= rõ ràng, dễ thấy, hiển nhiên

= obvious = clear = evident = manifest

>< obscure >< hidden >< imperceptible

• that seems to be real or true but may not be

= có vẻ như

= seeming = illusory

>< real >< actual

norm (n)

/nɔːm/

• The new design is a departure from the norm.

• social/cultural norms

• accepted norms of behaviour

• She considered people to be products of the values and norms of the society they lived in.

• [singular] a situation or a pattern of behavior that is usual or expected

= rule = standard = average

= điều bình thường, hiện trạng phổ biến, lệ thường

• [plural] standards of behavior that are typical of or accepted within a particular group or society

= chuẩn mực (hành vi, xã hội, văn hóa)

accustom (v)

/əˈkʌstəm/

• accustom yourself/somebody to something : You must accustom your children to hard work.

• be/get accustomed to something / doing something : She quickly became accustomed to his sense of humor.

• In his accustomed manner / In her accustomed place : He sat in his accustomed seat.

làm cho quen với, tập thích nghi với 1 một điều gì đó mới

trigger (v)

/ˈtrɪɡə(r)/

• trigger something (off) : Nuts can trigger off a violent allergic reaction.

• The incident triggered protests across the country.

• trigger something : to trigger an alarm

• trigger somebody : Sometimes, the slightest things trigger me because they remind me of my mum.

• Trigger warning (TW): Cảnh báo nội dung nhạy cảm

• Hair-trigger = dễ nổi cáu

• to make something happen suddenly

= gây ra, dẫn đến, khơi mào, làm bùng phát

= set off = spark = cause = provoke = instigate

>< prevent >< halt >< stop

• to cause a device to start functioning

= kích hoạt, làm bật (chuông) , làm sập (bẫy)

= set off = activate

• to make somebody feel very upset or anxious by reminding them of a trauma or bad experience

= gây kích động, khơi lại nỗi đau, làm tổn thương

transparent (a)

/trænsˈpærənt/

• The insect's wings are almost transparent.

• a transparent attempt to buy votes

• a transparent lie/ploy/ruse

• a campaign to make official documents more transparent

• trong suốt (thủy tinh, nhựa, không khí, cánh côn trùng..)

= clear = see-through

>< opaque (đục, mập mờ)

• lộ liễu, dễ nhìn thấu, rõ rành rành (lời nói dối/cái cớ)

= patent = evident = obvious

• minh bạch, công khai, rõ ràng (thông tin, hệ thống)

= accountable = straightforward

affluent (a)

/ˈæfluənt/

• affluent Western countries

• a very affluent neighbourhood

• ​having a lot of money and a good standard of living

= có nhiều tiền bạc, của cải

= prosperous = wealthy

tragedy (n)

/ˈtrædʒədi/

• It's a tragedy that she died so young.

• Tragedy struck the family when their son was hit by a car and killed.

• The whole affair ended in tragedy.

• Investigators are searching the wreckage of the plane to try to find the cause of the tragedy.

• Shakespeare’s tragedies

• Greek tragedy

• bi kịch, tai ương, thảm kịch, sự việc đau thương

= disaster = catastrophe = misfortune

>< blessing >< miracle

• vở bi kịch, thể loại bi kịch

= sad drama

>< comedy

perception (n)

/pəˈsepʃn/

• a campaign to change public perception of the police

• perception that… There is a general public perception that standards in schools are falling.

• Everyone's perception of reality is slightly different.

• visual perception

• She showed great perception in her assessment of the family situation.

• quan niệm nhận thức, góc nhìn

= impression = viewpoint = attitude = belief

>< reality

• tri giác, giác quan

= sensation = awareness = discernment

>< numbness

• sự thấy suốt, đầu óc nhạy bén, sự mẫn cảm

= insight = sharpness

>< ignorance >< blindness

dwell on/ upon something

/dwel/

• So you made a mistake, but there's no need to dwell on it.

• day dứt, nghĩ mãi về, ám ảnh bởi, chìm đắm trong (quá khứ)

= chew on = brood over = obsess

>< forget >< move on

• trầm ngâm, nhấn mạnh, nói sâu về

= expatiate on = emphasize

>< skim over >< gloss over