Week 9- The New Imperialism 1 and 2

What percentage of the globe's land was under European rule from 1870-1900?

A quarter of the globe's land was under European rule.

By 1914, which regions were almost fully under European rule?

Almost all of Africa and much of Southeast Asia were under European rule.

What was the significance of the Canal de Suez (Egypt) engineered in 1869?

 cuts through hundreds of miles of deserts, dramatically shortened the path from Europe to Asia.

What was the main products that the British traded with China during the Opium Wars?

The British originally gave Silver and China gave silks, porcelain, tea. When Britain’s silver supply was insufficient to fund Chinese goods, they turned to India who supplied Opium.

What was the impact of the Treaty of Nanjing after the Opium War?

The Treaty of Nanjing surrendered Hong Kong to Britain and opened more ports to Western commerce.

What type of racism emerged during New Imperialism according to the lecture?

Biological racism and Darwinism characterized the racism during New Imperialism.

Which conference established rules for European colonization of Africa?

The Berlin Conference of 1884-85 established the rules for the colonization of Africa.

What was the main justification Europeans used for colonizing Africa, according to the Berlin Conference?

Ending slavery in Africa- because it was still happening in Europe and they claimed they had to go themselves and end it

What was the Herero (in German Southwest Africa) people's fate under German colonial rule?

The Herero people were subjected to displacement first, then genocide and extermination by German settlers. Labelled as first genocide of 20th century

Which countries currently make up British India?

India, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Myanmar are part of current-day British India.

What was the rationale behind Russia's expansion during its imperial period?

Russia aimed to catch up with Western empires by expanding its territory.

Why did European colonization Africa so quickly?

• Imperial competition among European states

• Technology: Quinine (Malaria prevention) and Machine Guns allowed the Europeans to push into Africa efficiently

• Christian missionaries (spread of religion)

• Civilizing mission: Europeans saw themselves as bringing civilization and progress to these areas aka “Progressive Imperialists”
  

What percent of Africa was colonized by Europeans and roughly during what time period?

The scramble for Africa alone saw europeans seize 90% of the continent in 1875-1902