1/6
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
Vaccine
harmless version of a specific epitope
goal is to provide individual with memory cells against that epitope
most vaccines receive an initial dose with at least one booster
Titer
method to measure antibodies levels in blood serum
Attenuated vaccines
modified live vaccines
use pathogens with reduced virulence
microbes may retain enough residual virulence in susceptible individuals
Inactivated (killed) vaccines
Safer than live vaccines
often require multiple doses
contain adjuvants (chemicals to increase effectivity)
Subunit vaccines
only a portion of microbe used in vaccine
results in strong immunity but may require multiple doses
safe for people with weakened immune systems
EX: influenza
Toxoid vaccines
chemically of thermally modified toxins used to stimulate active immunity
useful for some bacterial diseases
require multiple doses
EX: tetanus
mRNA
relatively new technology
only pieces of RNA are introduced causing host to produce microbial proteins
required ultracold storage
TBD side effects
EX: covid