Buddhism key terms test

Buddha

Buddha

an enlightenment person usually referring to Siddhartha Guatama

The four sights

Old age, illness, death and a holy man

Ascetic

Living a simple and strict lifestyle with few pleasures or possessions

Meditation

Calming and focusing the mind

Enlightenment

Gaining of true knowledge about god, self or the nature of reality, gaining freedom from the cycle of rebirth

Mara

A demon that represents temptation in the mind

The three watches of the night

The three realisations that the buddha made in order to achieve enlightenment: 1) He gained knowledge of his previous lives, 2) He understood the cycle of life, death and rebirth 3) He understood why suffering happens and how to overcome it

The five ascetics

The buddhas first 5 students

Kamma/Karma

a persons actions the idea that skilful actions result in happiness and unskilful ones in suffering

Samsara

The repeating cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth

Dhamma

The buddha’s teaching

Jataka 075

where the story of the four sights is recorded

The 3 Refuges

seeking protection in three core aspects of the Buddhist tradition. These three refuges are the Buddha (the awakened one), the Dharma (the teachings), and the Sangha (the community)

Sangha

The community of buddhism

nirvana

A state of complete enlightenment, happiness and peace

Anicca

Impermanence

anatta

the idea that people to not have a fixed soul or person

the five aggregates

the five aspects that make up a person Form, Sensation, Perception, Mental Formations, Consciousness

the four noble truths

dukkha, samudaya, nirodha, magga

dukkha

1st noble truth: There is suffering

samudaya

Second noble truth: there are causes of suffering

nirodha

Third noble truth: suffering can be stopped

magga

Fourth noble truth: the way to stop suffering, the eightfold path

tanha

craving

the three poisons

greed, hatred and ignorance, the main causes of suffering

The Eightfold Path

eight aspects that Buddhists practice and live by in order to achieve enlightenment

The threefold way

The eightfold path grouped into the three sections of ethics, mediation and wisdom

The Middle Way

the path that falls between the two extremes of indulgence and deprivation

Paticcasamuppada

dependent arising

3 marks of existence

The three characteristics that are common across everything in life: Dukkha, anatta, anicca

7 states of suffering

death, birth, old age, sickness, not getting what you wish for, contact with unpleasant things, sorrow lamentation and despair