historical expansion of state education

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4 Terms

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Key acts timeline

  • 1870 Forster: Set up ~4,000 board schools.

  • 1902 Balfour: LEAs took over, managing 20,000+ schools.

  • 1918 Fisher: Introduced secondary education; leaving age 14.

  • 1944 Butler, 1947, 1972, 1997: Raised the leaving age incrementally to 18.

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Why did it expand

  • Demand for a skilled workforce in global competition.

  • To create educated citizens (post-suffrage).

  • Seen as a route out of poverty and a step toward equality.

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Funding

2011/12 DfE budget: $56bn. (8% of the state budget)

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Evaluation

  • Investment didn’t always translate into improved skills (PISA ranking issues).

  • Vocational vs. academic focus is still debated.