Hormone to Primary Action (Generic answers)

ADH

Water reabsorption; increase BP

GH

Increase glucose in the blood, increase protein synthesis and bone growth

GLP-1

Brings glucose into cell

Prolactin

Breast development, lactogenesis, inhibits ovulation

TSH

Stimulates thyroid hormone

ACTH

Adrenal Cortex: Zona fasciculata/reticularis

FSH and LH

Ovaries and Testes

TH

Thyroid hormone synthesis, metabolism

Calcitonin

Decrease calcium plasma levels

Parathyroid Hormone

Increase calcium plasma levels

Insulin

Decrease blood glucose to normal levels

Glucagon

Increase blood glucose to normal levels

Gastrin

Stimulates parietal cells to secrete HCL and intrinsic factor

CCK

Stimulates gallbladder contraction, release of pancreatic enzymes, and release of bile

Secretin

Natural Antacid of the stomach

VIP

Increase H2O and electrolyte secretion from pancreas and gut

GIP

Decrease Gastric Acid secretion and stimulates insulin release

Motilin

Increase bowel motility and gastric emptying

Somatostatin

Inhibits secretion and action of many hormones

EPO

Stimulates development of RBC; Increase O2 in tissues

Glycoprotein Hormone (AMH, MIF)

Testes, stimulated by FSH (decrease MD, Increase ND); AMH = ovarian reserve

Synthesized Testosterone

Testes, stimulated by LH (Leydig Cells)

Oogonia (cell)

Ovaries

Progesterone

Maintain pregnancy, development of breast and granular tissue

Inhibits 5 alpha reductase

Estrogen (estradiol)

Anti-osteoporosis, development of sex characteristics, stimulates growth of ovary and follicus

Cortisol

Stress hormone

Aldosterone

Increase Na reabsorption, Increase K secretion, Increase H secretion

Lactotrophs

Increase milk development

ANG II

Vasoconstrictor

ANP

Decrease pressure in heart, Decrease BP, Increase GFP

Vitamin D

PTH Secretes enzyme that converts calcifediol to calcitriol (1 alpha hydroxylase)

Somatotrophs

Cell differentiation, secrete GH

Corticotrophs

Regulate BP via aldosterone, release ACTH