Chapter 9 Unit 5: Toward the Civil War and Reconstruction (1844–1877)

Davis

________ tried to modernize the southern economy, but lagged behind in industrialization.

Andrew Johnson

With Lincoln's assassination, ________ assumed the presidency and developed the Reconstruction Plan which required a loyalty oath but barred many former Confederate elite from taking it.

Wilmot Proviso

________: Congressional bill to prohibit extension of slavery in territories gained from Mexico.

Definition of popular sovereignty

________ was vague and different interpretations by Northerners and Southerners.

Fugitive slave law

________ made it easier to retrieve escaped enslaved people, but required cooperation from citizens of free states and seen as immoral.

Robert Smalls

________ founded Republican Party of South Carolina and served in U.S. House of Representatives in the 1880s.

Lincoln

________ argued for gradual emancipation, compensation to slaveholders, and colonization of freed enslaved people.

mid 20th century

Sharecropping existed until ________, included more whites than Blacks.

Abraham Lincoln

________) questioned Polk's claim of Mexican first fire.

Hiram Revels

________ and Blanche K. Bruce became first Black senators in 1870 and 1875.

John Wilkes Booth

________ assassinated Lincoln five days later.

Emancipation Proclamation

Lincoln issued the ________ in September 1862 after the Union victory at Antietam.

Southerners

________: saw future where slavery was confined to southeast quarter and outvoted by free- soil advocates.

Reconstruction

________ refers to the period of 1865- 1877 and the process of readmitting southern states, rebuilding physical damage, and integrating newly freed Blacks into society.

Illinois Senate

The 1858 ________ race between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen Douglas was nationally watched, with Lincoln delivering his "House Divided "speech and Douglas damaging his political career with his ambiguous stance on popular sovereignty.

Civil War

The ________ impacted not only the battlefields, but also the political, economic, and social realms.

central issue

Slavery was the ________, but not the only or explicitly stated reason for the Civil War.

Hayes

Compromise of 1877 was reached to resolve the election, ________ won and ended military reconstruction, federal troops pulled out of Southern states.

Democratic convention

The 1860 ________ split between Northern Democrats supporting Douglas and Southerners supporting Breckinridge.

James Buchanan

________ was US president from 1857- 1861 and worked to maintain the status quo by enforcing the Fugitive Slave Act and opposing abolitionist activism.

War Democrats

________: war necessary to preserve Union.

Jefferson Davis

________ took control of southern economy and imposed taxes.

Mexican War

________: successful for American forces, resulted in Mexican Cession (Southwest land) for $ 15 million.

Lincoln

________ supported complete emancipation and the Thirteenth Amendment before his reelection campaign.

Emancipation Proclamation

The ________ stated that the government would liberate all slaves in states "in rebellion "on January 1, 1863.

Lincoln

Copperheads: accused ________ of national social revolution.

Wilmot Proviso

Congressional bill to prohibit extension of slavery in territories gained from Mexico

Mexican War

successful for American forces, resulted in Mexican Cession (Southwest land) for $15 million

Gadsden Purchase ($10 million)

southern regions of modern Arizona and New Mexico for transcontinental railroad

Printed national currency C. Treasury Secretary

Salmon P. Chase

Copperheads

accused Lincoln of national social revolution