AP gov chapter 2 vocab

Articles of Confederation

The document that laid out the first form of government for the new nation

Shays Rebellion

Rebellion of farmers caused by the government not paying them for their service in the war

Article V

Created the amendment process for the constitution

Bicameral

Two-house legislature

Bill of Rights

A list of suggestions in the amendments that became ratified in 1791. The list includes the essential rights understood at the time

Constitutional Convention

Group of people that hammered out the new constitution

Electoral College

States could decide how their electors would be chosen. Each state has the same number of electors that they had representatives in congress, and people would vote for the electorals

Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA)

Education law that states are free to determine their own standards for educational achievement, while still upholding protections for disadvantaged students

Great Compromise

Created a 2 house congress that satisfied those wanting population as the criteria for awarding seats in a legislature and those wanting equal representation

New Jersey Plan

Assured states their soveriegnty through a national government with limited and defined powers. This plan had no national court system and each state would have one vote in a legislative body

No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB)(2002)

Called for improvements in teaching methods, testing to measure progress, and sanctions for underpreforming students

Race to the Top

President Obama's initiative that offered incentives,rather than the sanctions of NCLB, for states to adopt new national standards or develop their own that require students to be college and career ready at graduation

Ratification

Formal consent that was sought after the framers finished the final draft of the Constitution

3/5 Compromise

The Northern and southern delegates agreed to count only three out of every five enslaved persons to determine representation in the house for those states with slaves

U.S. Patriot Act (Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism)

Law created after 9/11 that covered intelligence gathering and sharing by executive branch agencies, points of criminal procedure, and border protection (invades our privacy)

Virginia Plan

Called for a three branch system with a national executive, a judiciary, and a bicameral

Advice and Consent

Senate must approve the presidents appointments

Checks and Balances

Each branch of government has the authority to check, or restrain, some powers of the other two branches

Federalist No 51

Points to the separation of powers outlined in the constitution as a guard against tyranny

Impeachment

An accusation of wrongdoing

Pocket Veto

a bill goes to the president desk, congress ends the session, president doesn't sign before congress ends, automatically vetoing the bill

Separation of Powers

the power to govern is divided among executive, legislative, and judicial branches to prevent the concentration and abuse of power by any one branch

Stakeholders

People or groups that will be affected by the policies

2/3 Overide

After the president consents to a law, it is entered into the United states Code the nation's body of federal statutes. If the president veto's a bill, the Congress, each house acting separately, can overcome the veto with a super majority vote in each house

over rides a presidents veto

Veto

When the president rejects a bill