An Tech II Parasitology & Ectoparasites

Endoparasite

Lives in the host

Ectoparasite

Lives on the host

Symbiosis

Living together

Commensalism

One organism benefits, the other is unaffected

Mutualism

Two species live in close association with one another and both benefit

Parasitism

One organism benefits, the other is harmed

Definitive Host

Shelters the sexual, adult stages of the parasite ; Where the parasite wants to live and reproduce

Intermediate Host

Harbors the asexual, immature or larval stages of the parasite ; Parasite will develop

Paratenic/Transport Host

The parasite survives without multiplying or developing ; Transmits from one host to another

An organism, typically a biting insect or tick, that transmits a disease or parasite from one animal or plant to another

Vector

Transmits the parasite, but the parasite does not develop or change in/on the vector

Mechanical Vector

Serves as intermediate host for the parasite

Biological Vector

T of F - Endoparasites cause infection

True

T of F - Ectoparasites cause infection

False (Infestation)

Trematodes

Flukes

Cestodes

Tapeworms

Nematodes

Roundworms

What is the most common method of parasite infection?

Ingestion

Time elapsed between initial infection with a parasite until the infection can be detected

Prepatent Period

Time when the parasite may be passed from one host to the next and is found during testing

Diagnostic Period

What must you always do when writing the scientific name of an animal?

Underline both genus and species

T or F - When writing a scientific name, the species is capitalized and the genus is lowercase

False ; Genus is capitalized and species is lowercase

What is Ctenocephalides felis?

Flea

What is the life cycle of a flea?

Egg, Larva, Pupa, Adult

What is FAD?

Flea Allergy Dermatitis

T or F - Mallophaga means sucking

False ; Mallophaga means chewing or biting

T or F - Anoplura means chewing or biting

False ; Anoplura means sucking

What is the life cycle of Lice?

Nit (Egg), Nymph, Adult

What is Trichodectes canis?

Canine/Dog Biting Louse ; Canine/Dog Chewing Louse

What is Linognathus setosus?

Canine/Dog Sucking Louse

Psoroptidae

Non-Burrowing Mites

Sarcoptidae

Burrowing Mites

Acariasis

Infestation of mites

What is the life cycle of Mites?

Egg - Larva - Nymph - Adult

What is Otodectes cynotis?

Ear Mites of Dogs and Cats

How are ear mites diagnosed?

Ear Swab

What is Psoroptes cuniculi?

Rabbit Ear Mite

What is Cheyletiella sp.?

Fur Mites AKA Walking Dander

T or F - Cheyletiella sp. have claws

True

What is Notoedres cati?

Feline Scabies Mite / Head Mange in Cats

What is Demodex gatoi?

Follicular Mite in Cats

What is Demodex canis?

Follicular Mite in Dogs

What is Sarcoptes scabiei?

Scabies / Sarcoptic Mange

What is the life cycle of Ticks?

Egg - Larva - Nymph - Adult

T or F - Ticks are blood suckers

True

T or F - Male ticks feed to engorgement while female ticks feed intermittently

False ; Female ticks feed to engorgement for reproduction

What is Capitulum?

The head of a tick

Which part of the tick expands over the whole back in males but only 1/3 of the back in females?

Scutum

Where are the Festoons located on a tick?

Outside bottom of their body

When removing a tick, we must make sure that the is completely removed

Head / Mouthparts

Argasidae

Soft Ticks

What is Otobius megnini?

Spinose Ear Tick

Ixodidae

Hard Ticks

What is Amblyomma americanum?

Lone Star Tick

Which Ectoparasite causes diseases such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, Tularemia and Ehrlichiosis?

Ticks

What is Dermacentor variabilis?

American Dog Tick / Wood Tick

What is Dermacentor andersoni?

Rocky Mountain Wood Tick

What is Ixodes scapularis?

Blacklegged Tick / Deer Tick

What is Rhipicephalus sanguineus?

Brown Dog Tick

What is Haemaphysalis longicornis?

Longhorned Tick

Which Ectoparasites are classified as Insects?

Fleas, Lice and Flies

Which Ectoparasites are classified as Arachnids?

Ticks and Mites

Siphonaptera

Sucking or wingless insect (Fleas)

Pediculosis

Infestation of Lice

How are Mites diagnosed?

Skin Scraping

What diagnostic test can be run to check for dermal mites?

Deep skin scraping

Which mites are contagious to humans?

Fur Mites/Walking Dandruff, Feline Scabies, Scabies

At what stage of a tick's life does it have 6 legs?

Larva

At what stage(s) of a tick's life does it have 8 legs?

Nymph and Adult

Which Mite has claws?

Cheyletiella sp. (Walking Dandruff)

What are the 3 biting flies?

Horse Fly, Deer Fly, Stable Fly

What is Musca domestica?

House Fly

What is Stomoxys calcitrans?

Stable Fly / Biting Housefly

What is Cuterebra sp.?

Bot Flies

What is Culex sp.?

Mosquito

T or F - Male Mosquitos suck blood

False ; Females