Basic Health Needs and Nursing Care Review

A set of vocabulary flashcards covering key concepts from the lecture on basic health needs, musculoskeletal system, care practices, sleep, and delegation in nursing.

Musculoskeletal system

The system that provides shape and structure to the body, allows for movement, and supports the body through a framework of bones.

Ligaments

Fibrous tissues that connect bones to other bones at joints, providing stability.

Tendons

Tissues that connect muscles to bones, enabling movement when muscles contract.

Afferent neurons

Nerve cells that carry sensory signals from the body to the central nervous system (CNS).

Efferent neurons

Nerve cells that transmit motor signals from the CNS to the muscles, causing contraction and movement.

Balance

The ability to maintain the body's center of gravity over its base of support, essential for stability.

Isotonic exercise

Type of exercise where muscle length changes during contraction, such as during walking.

Isometric exercise

Type of exercise where muscle length remains the same, such as holding a weight still.

Aerobic exercise

Physical activity that increases heart rate and promotes the use of oxygen to fuel the body, like running.

Anaerobic exercise

High-intensity activity that does not require the use of oxygen for energy, such as sprinting.

Atrophy

The wasting away or decrease in size of muscle or tissue, often due to disuse.

Osteoporosis

A condition characterized by weakened bones and increased risk of fractures.

Sleep hygiene

Practices that promote the ability to fall and stay asleep, contributing to overall health.

NREM sleep

Non-rapid eye movement sleep, consists of stages I-IV, essential for restorative sleep.

REM sleep

Rapid eye movement sleep, stages of sleep associated with dreaming and brain activity.

Assistive devices

Tools or support systems used to help individuals perform daily activities independently.

ADLs (Activities of Daily Living)

Basic self-care tasks such as bathing, dressing, and eating that are essential for independent living.

Patient autonomy

The right of patients to make decisions regarding their own health care and treatment.

Delegation in nursing

The transfer of responsibility for a task to another qualified professional while retaining accountability.

Evaluation of care

A process to determine if nursing actions and patient goals were met, modifying care plans if necessary.