W4L2: Reactions of alkenes

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8 Terms

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Reactions and uses of alkenes

The double bonds of alkenes are much more reactive than the single bonds of alkanes

  1. Free radical oxidation (they also burn)

  2. Hydrogenation (addition of hydrogen) to form alkanes

  3. Polymerisation

  4. Electrophilic addition reactions, such as with halogens or water

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Polymerisation

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Electrophilic addition reactions, such as with halogens or water

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Electrophilic addition of HX to alkenes

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Carbocation stability

  • Alkyl groups help to stabilise carbocations

  • Therefore, tertiary carbocations are the most stable and the methyl carbocation is least stable

<ul><li><p>Alkyl groups help to stabilise carbocations</p></li><li><p>Therefore, tertiary carbocations are the most stable and the methyl carbocation is least stable</p></li></ul><p></p>
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Forming major and minor products

More stable secondary carbocation is more likely to form

<p>More stable secondary carbocation is more likely to form</p>
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Hydration of alkenes

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Electrophilic addition of X2 to alkenes

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