Electricity and Magnetism

hi

atoms

matter made up from particles

three parts of a atom

electrons, neutrons, protons

electrons

negative charge

protons

positive charge

neutrons

no charge

objects can gain/lose electrons through ___ or rubbing two things together

friction

electrically charged

objects gain or lose electrons

repel each other

2 negatively charged/2 positively charged objects

attract each other

negatively charged object and a positively charged object

static electricity

electricity that builds up until it cannot be discharged but is not in a circuit

ohms law

relationship between voltage, current, and resistance

current

the current amount of flow of electrons

voltage

the force that pushes electrons through a circuit

resistance

the opposition to the flow of electrons. the level of difficulty fot yhr electrons to flow through the circuit.

series circuit

a circuit with only one pathway

parallel circuit

a circuit with more than one pathway

static electricity

electrically charged, extra electricity will be discharged and it would return to neutral. static is not often useful, but more dangerous. created by friction/rubbing, and gains electrons.

static and current

static is built up and not flowing, and current is flowing like a river.

Conducter

Material that allows electricity to flow easily. Metal, water, and wool.

Insulator

Material that does not allow electrons to flow easily. Rubber, glass, ceramic.

DC

Direct Current, Batteries

AC

Alternation Current, Outlet

Circuit Breaker

a switch connected into a circuit. The switch shuts off automatically if it senses an overload.

Fuse

A thin wire inside a capsule which is connected to a circuit. The thin wire melts if it overloads.

battery

the power supply for circuits. battery is a device that stores chemical energy, and converts it to electricity. has DC

current

the amount of flow of the electrons. symbol is I, unit is amps and symbol for amps is A.

components of atom

protons, neutrons, electrons, and nucleus.

nucleus

located in the middle of the atom where the protons are.

electrons in an atom

orbiting the atom.