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Competitive Exclusion Principle
No two species can occupy the same niche at the same time in the same environment.
Abiotic Factor
Nonliving components of an ecosystem
Carrying Capacity
Number at which the environment can support a particular species
Logistic Growth
Occurs when a population growth slows or stops, following exponential growth.
Commensalism
One organism benefits, one is unaffected
Parasitism
One organism harmed but often not killed, one benefits
Consumer
Organisms that rely on other organisms for their energy and food supply
Niche
Particular physical environments containing characteristics of plants and animals
Ecology
Relational position and job of a species or population in its ecosystem to other organisms.
Trophic Levels
Series of steps in the organisms transfer of energy by eating and being eaten.
Exponential Growth
Shows a population growing at a constant rate
Food Chain
Shows steps in a food webs and food chain
Competition
Struggle to obtain resources, or a mate, at the same time. Can be between individuals or different species.
Biodiversity
Sum total of the variety of organisms in the biosphere.
Biomass
Total living mass in an ecosystem
S-shaped Curve
What would a logistic growth graph look like
J-shaped Curve
What would an exponential growth graph look like?
Ten percent
Amount of energy transferred to each trophic level
Density Dependent
A factor whose influence on population size and growth depends on the number and crowding of individuals in the population
Example of Density Dependent
Predation
Density Independent
A factor that can influence population size and growth regardless of the numbers and crowding within a population
Density Independent Example
Weather
Mutualism
Both organisms benefit
Decomposer
Breaks down small particles of organic matter into chemical compounds Ex. Bacteria
Producer
Capture sunlight to make chemical energy Ex. Plants
Disease
Causes a population growth to decrease
Food Web
Complex feeding relationships
Omnivore
Consumes both flesh and plants
Carnivore
Consumes flesh
Herbivore
Consumes plants
Symbiosis
Direct interactive relations between two individuals
Detritivore
Feeds on dead plants and animals (ex. crabs, earth worms)
Predation
Interaction when one organism captures and feeds on another
Limiting Factor
Limit the population growth ONLY when the density reaches a certain level
Demographic Transition
Moving from status 3, world country development (high birth and death rate) to a mature stable population.