film class

spracket holes

holes on the side of film to stabilize the film

which fps is cinematic?

24 fps

news broadcasts, sports are filmed at what fps?

60 fps

Shot

Unbroken span of action captured by an uninterrupted run of a camera

Fade in/fade out

Used to depict passage of time

Low angle shot

Depicts characters as strong, noble or threatening

Cutting on action

Connecting shots by cutting in the middle of an action and having the next shot continue the action

formal analysis

analysis on how the film uses elements such as narrative, cinematography, editing

Director’s role

Lead creative, approves changes and calls action/cut

Collaborators

Screen writer, producer, cinematographer, etc

Executive producer

In charge of money, advises the director on behalf of the studio

A short film has this length

Less than 40 minutes

A feature film has this length

Greater than 40 minutes

Extreme long shot

Photographed far away from the subject that the subject is too small to be recognized

Long shot

Full body shot

Medium long shot

Character from the knees up

Medium shot

Character from the waist up

Medium close up

A shot that shows a character from the middle of the chest to the top of the head

Mise en scene purpose

To evoke an era, manipulate the viewer, and visualize conflict

Shooting on location

Shooting away from a studio

Lighting ratio

Relationship between light and shadow

Low light ratio

Bright, no shadows

High light ratio

Deep shadows

3 point lighting convention

• key light

• fill light

• back light

key light

primary source of light in the shot, positioned to one side of the camera, shadows are modified by fill light

fill light

opposite side of the camera from key light, fills in shadows created by key light

back light/hair light

lighting positioned behind the subject and camera, creates highlights on the subject

high key lighting

low contrast

low key lighting

high contrast

deep space composition

Places multiple objects in 2 or more planes of depth

Versimitude

Quality of appearing true or real

Setup

One camera position and everything associated with it

Tonality

The range of tones from pure white to darkest black

Deep focus photography

uses a large depth of field, depth of field is the front to back range of focus for a given image

Staging

What’s in the scene

Open shutter does what?

Slows down the film

framing

What we see on screen

Open frame

Designed to depict a world where characters move freely, camera moves freely

Closed frame

Camera never leaves the characters, designed to imply that other forces have robbed characters of freedom

Panning

When the camera moves left to right

Tilting

when the camera moves up and down

Who directed the godfather?

Frances Coppola

variable focal length (zoom) lense

can change perspective/zoom

fixed focal length (prime) lense

fixed perspective/zoom, cheaper

diegetic world of a film

full world of a film but only what characters hear and see

catalyst

sets the stage for main conflict

inciting incident

point of no return for the character

cinema of attractions

first era of films

Coverage

all the shots you can take for a scene

aperture

size of opening in camera lense that controls how much light reaches the sensor

gate

area where film is exposed to light

shutter rate formula

frame rate x 2

rule of thirds

splitting the camera into a 3 by 3 grid

tracking

camera following the subject

Dutch angle

angle where the camera is tilted on its axis

Birds eye shot

shot taken from a very high angle

master shot

one shot that captures an entire scene

plot

everything that explicitly happens on screen

story

everything that happens on screen or off screen

log line

elevator pitch for a film

180 degree rule

camera must be on one side of two characters talking

movie that uses deep focus photography

citizen kane

cinematographer of citizen kane

Craig Toland

what movie by George Melies did we watch?

a trip to the moon

why was A Trip To The Moon special?

special and practical effects

why was Arrival Of The Train special?

first horror film

why was Sprinkler Sprinkled special?

first scripted film

kinetograph

filmed movies

kinetoscope

displayed movies

cinematograph

filmed AND displayed movies

barsam’s principles of film

1. movies depend on light

2. movies provide an illusion of movement

3. movies manipulate space and time in unique ways

what happens in S1 of act 1?

introduction of protagonist

what happens in S2 of act 1?

introduction of the problem

what are s3, s4 and s5 in act 2?

attempts to solve the problem

what happens in S6 of act 3?

climax

what happens in S7 of act 3?

resolution

who made A Trip To The Moon?

George Melies

who made Sprinkler Sprinkled, Arrival Of The Train, and Baby’s Breakfast?

the Lumière brothers