cocaine, meth, bath salts

cocaine MOA

stimulant, bind to DAT, increase dopamine, NET, SERT

cocaine mode of admin

inhalation. IV, intranasal, oral gum

cocaine low dose acute effects

mood elevation, increased HR and BP, increased energy, insomnia, increased alertness, attention span, hypersexuality, loss of appetite/weight

cocaine high dose acute effects

aggression, impaired judgement, agitation, insomnia, psychotic symptoms, formication, seizures, palpitations, arrhythmia, HA, increased BP, stroke, death

risk factors for cocaine dependence

genetics, minority race, comorbid mental health disorder, other substance abuse

cocaine withdrawal signs and symptoms

depression, strong psychological craving peaking a few days after last dose, irritability, hunger, fatigue

complications with cocaine abuse

CV complications, psychosis, mood changes, anxiety, medical emergency due to overdose, contaminated needle complications

cocaine ER presentation

panic attack accompanied by palpitations, heart attack, arrythmia, stroke, psychosis, aggression agitation, violence, delirium, confusion, seizure, coma, death

cocaine abuse treatment

manage CNS and CV complications, no FDA approved treatment, CBT, contingency management

cocaine experimental treatment

methylphenidate, N-acetylcysteine, galantamine, cocaine vaccine

methamphetamine mode of admin

oral, inhalation/smoking, IV, snorting, rectal

meth MOA

block monoamine transporter, reverse transport, block enzymes that break down monoamines, stimulate tyrosine hydroxylase

meth low dose acute effects

arousal, reduced fatigue, euphoria, reduced appetite, increased attention, improved memory

meth high dose acute effects

paranoia, hallucinations, obsessive behavior, confused/slurred speech, aggressive behavior

meth consequences of chronic use

skin changes, mouth cracks/sores, tooth damage, facial muscle and fat breakdown, dilated pupils, sunken eyes, vision problems, aging

withdrawal effects of meth

depression, anhedonia, decreased motivation, fatigue, cravings, suicidal tendencies

Meth ER presentation

tremors, agitation, confusion, tachycardia, increased BP, muscle pain, painful urination/retention, rapid breathing, elevated temp, pupil dilation

severe meth OD effects

psychosis, serotonin syndrome, cardiac failure, stroke, rhabdo, kidney failure, pulmonary edema and hypertension, hyperpyrexia

meth tx goals

mgmt of CNS, resp, CV complications, no FDA approved tx, symptomatic mgmt, CBT, CM, experimental tx

bath salts class

synthetic cathinones related to substance in khat plant

bath salts molecular MOA

blockade of monoamine transporter SERT, DA, NET, blockade of VMAT2

bath salts mode of abuse

oral, inhalation/smoking, IV, snorting

bath salts low dose acute effects

batincreased energy, empathy, openness, libido, aggressiveness, bruxism, memory loss

bath salts high dose acute effects

tremor, blurred vision, hallucination, suicidal ideation, myoclonus, cardiac arrythmia, HTN, chest pain

bath salt overdose complication

cardiac, rhabdo, electrolyte disturbance, hepatic failure

bath salts have __

no prominent withdrawal effects

bath salt treatment

no FDA approved tx, mgmt like cocaine/meth dependenct